This guide walks through the complete process of preparing a Windows Server 2016 host, enabling Hyper‑V and RRAS, installing Docker EE, configuring a transparent Docker network, and joining the node to a Kubernetes 1.9 (or 1.14) cluster, including all required commands and troubleshooting steps.
The article explains how Kubernetes has become the default platform for cloud‑native infrastructure, why Serverless and diverse application services are emerging as key trends, and how a clear definition of cloud‑native drives large‑scale technology upgrades in Chinese public‑cloud markets.
This article reviews the shortcomings of Kubernetes networking, explains the capabilities of OVS and OVN as unified solutions, maps OVN abstractions to Kubernetes concepts, and outlines future directions for enhancing cloud‑native network functionality, followed by an extensive Q&A session.
The article introduces Cable, a new virtual network architecture that unifies management of physical, virtual, and container networks across OpenStack and Kubernetes, detailing its design, key components such as a virtual data plane and self‑developed control plane, compatibility with existing OpenStack APIs, and future development plans.
This article details Ctrip's large‑scale continuous delivery practice, describing their deployment pipeline, unified build platform, Jenkins integration, Kubernetes‑based elastic agents, monitoring, and the challenges and improvements they encountered while handling thousands of daily deployments across multiple environments.
This article explains the Kubernetes architecture, details each core component, demonstrates how a Deployment is created, and critically compares Kubernetes' two‑layer scheduling model with Mesos, evaluating resource utilization, scalability, flexibility, performance, and scheduling latency while discussing why cluster schedulers struggle with horizontal scaling.
This article introduces containers as a PaaS solution, explains Docker's underlying namespace and cgroup mechanisms, compares containers with virtual machines, and outlines their main technologies, advantages, and common pitfalls for developers.
F5’s $670 million acquisition of Nginx brings together a leading open‑source web server with a cloud‑security vendor, prompting industry analysts and netizens worldwide to debate the deal’s impact on multi‑cloud application delivery, pricing, open‑source sustainability, and future competition.
This article describes how Zhaozhuan built an automated, business‑transparent log‑collection solution for its container cloud platform by evaluating several approaches, adopting Alibaba Cloud's open‑source log‑pilot, customizing its deployment, and addressing practical issues such as time‑zone bugs, latency, and duplicate collection.
The article describes Ctrip's motivation, design choices, and implementation details for deploying a self‑managed Kubernetes cluster on AWS, covering network architecture with VPC and ENI, custom image distribution, logging and monitoring, data synchronization, and operational challenges such as ELB loopback and kubelet configuration.
This tutorial explains how to create a Docker image that combines Python, Node.js, pipenv, and pm2, push it to Docker Hub, and set up automated builds linked to a GitHub repository for continuous integration and deployment.
This article details Ctrip's journey of building and operating a massive container cloud platform, covering its architectural evolution, operational challenges, tooling, capacity management, and future directions, offering practical insights for large‑scale cloud‑native environments.
This article details 360 Search's journey of constructing a Kubernetes‑based private cloud, covering its evolution, network and storage designs, logging pipeline, the Wayne management platform, encountered pitfalls, and future open‑source plans, offering practical insights for similar deployments.
Amid accelerating enterprise cloud adoption, Tencent Cloud has leveraged high‑performance, cost‑effective products such as CynosDB, TDSQL, CTSDB, and MongoDB, combined with open‑source collaborations, to capture a dominant share of the Chinese cloud database market in 2018‑2019.
This tutorial walks through three practical ways to manage multi‑environment configurations in Nacos—using Data ID with profiles, leveraging Group, and applying Namespace—detailing setup steps, sample code, log verification, and a comparative analysis of their pros, cons, and best‑practice recommendations.
Chinese cloud‑native pioneer Li Xiang, the first Chinese member of the CNCF Technical Oversight Committee, discusses his open‑source contributions, Alibaba’s large‑scale cluster management, the evolution of cloud‑native technologies, and offers advice for young engineers on mastering code, design, and emerging trends.
Meitu’s container platform, built on Kubernetes with Calico networking, a custom Nginx load‑balancer, unified logging, refined scheduling, autoscaling, and comprehensive monitoring, enables seamless multi‑cluster hybrid‑cloud operations for its hundreds‑of‑millions‑user services while providing CI/CD tooling and future‑ready extensions such as service mesh and edge computing.
The article critically examines Docker’s promised benefits—portability, security, and orchestration—by highlighting design flaws, added complexity, vendor lock‑in, and the often‑overlooked costs of standardizing on containers, while contrasting them with simpler, script‑based deployment approaches.
Spring Cloud Greenwich.RELEASE is now available via Maven Central, introducing Java 11 compatibility, new projects like Spring Cloud GCP and Kubernetes, while announcing EOL for Edgware and Finchley, moving many Netflix modules into maintenance mode, and providing extensive updates across Sleuth, Config, Vault, OpenFeign, and other components with migration guidance.
This article explains how kube-scheduler in Kubernetes orchestrates pod placement by applying pre‑selection (predicates) and scoring (priorities) strategies, discusses fairness, resource efficiency, speed, flexibility, details common predicate and priority algorithms, and demonstrates practical scenarios with YAML and command‑line examples.
The article introduces Nacos 0.8.0, highlighting its three major production features—user login, Prometheus metrics, and namespace isolation—while providing step‑by‑step download links, startup commands for Linux and Windows, and instructions to access the default login console.
This article introduces a series of microservice design patterns—including database isolation, observability, and cross‑cutting concerns—explaining the underlying problems each pattern solves and providing concrete solutions such as CQRS, Saga, log aggregation, health checks, and blue‑green deployments.
This article examines three frequent pitfalls encountered when integrating microservices—complex communication, asynchronous challenges, and distributed transaction difficulties—and proposes mitigation techniques such as rapid failure handling, workflow engines, timeout management, and compensation patterns to improve resilience and reduce system complexity.
The article explains how modern DevOps, revitalized by cloud computing, is embodied in Tencent Hub—a cloud‑native platform that combines container‑based artifact storage and a reusable, Kubernetes‑driven workflow engine with DAG‑modeled pipelines, enabling scalable, secure CI/CD for enterprises and public‑cloud users.
This article traces the historical shift from program‑centric sockets to service‑oriented architectures, explaining how performance, stability, and access control drove the rise of load balancing, DNS, service governance, micro‑services, and ultimately cloud‑native service‑mesh solutions like Istio.
This article explains how PouchContainer, Alibaba’s open‑source container runtime, aligns its internal and external codebases through detailed difference analysis, a plugin architecture, rigorous testing, and a disciplined Git workflow to ensure stable, extensible, and synchronized releases.
This guide walks through pulling and retagging the Kubernetes Dashboard image, applying the deployment manifest, modifying the Service to use a NodePort, creating an admin ServiceAccount and ClusterRoleBinding, and retrieving the admin token and service port for external access.
This guide explains how to configure Jenkins with dynamically generated slave nodes on OpenShift, integrate Kubernetes settings, and provides Dockerfile and startup script details to ensure reliable CI/CD pipelines in a cloud‑native environment.
This talk outlines why organizations pursue cloud adoption, defines cloud‑native goals, reviews emerging trends such as bare‑metal and hyper‑convergence, and shares practical private‑cloud operation experiences, including ITIL processes, project management, and tooling, offering a comprehensive view of national‑level private‑cloud practice.
This article presents a comprehensive overview of Ant Financial's ServiceMesh implementation, detailing the background, architecture, key features of SOFAMesh and MOSN, technical case studies, performance benchmarks, security capabilities, and future outlook for cloud‑native network proxies.
Spring Cloud is a comprehensive suite built on Spring Boot that simplifies microservice development by providing tools for configuration management, service discovery, circuit breaking, routing, and more, and this article outlines its main modules, architecture diagram, and a typical request processing flow.
The article outlines etcd's evolution from its 2013 inception to becoming a CNCF‑graduated project, highlights its core raft implementation and widespread adoption in Kubernetes and major distributed databases, and details Alibaba's extensive use and future development plans for the system.
The article explains Docker’s rapid rise, clarifies the distinction between Docker and containers, compares containers with virtual machines, and describes why Docker simplifies application deployment, while also noting a related DevOps live‑stream event and promotional details.
This article explains how ZTO Express built a cloud‑native Identity and Access Management platform to support zero‑trust security, detailing business‑driven risk challenges, design goals, core modules such as identity space, account system, organization support, integration, authorization, micro‑service security, certificate management, automated auditing, and a mobile app.
This article traces the evolution of Alibaba’s internal microservice configuration center—from a group‑wide tool to a commercial cloud product and finally an open‑source project—detailing design decisions such as centralized control, dynamic push, namespace isolation, release governance, capacity limits, and console UX improvements.
This article explains how to construct a Dev platform that supports both traditional enterprise delivery and internet‑centric business models, detailing the Dev stages (Code, Build, Assemble, Deploy, Monitor), their objectives, required tooling, and the architectural patterns needed for automated microservice packaging and deployment.
The Red Hat Forum 2018 recap explains Red Hat's cloud‑native application development approach, hybrid‑cloud infrastructure strategy, OpenShift platform details, NetApp integration, and a step‑by‑step migration solution, offering practical guidance for enterprises adopting modern cloud technologies.
This article compiles over fifty open‑source and free Kubernetes tools, organized into categories such as cluster deployment, monitoring, testing, security, CLI utilities, development aids, CI/CD pipelines, serverless frameworks, service discovery, and native visualization, providing concise descriptions, repository links, and cost information for each.
This article describes how the Liulishuo algorithm team designed and implemented a Kubernetes‑based training platform that addresses the iterative, data‑intensive, and resource‑dynamic characteristics of machine learning workloads by pooling resources, enabling rapid provisioning, and optimizing scheduling and storage.
In this interview, Kubernetes contributor Lei (Harry) Zhang explains the CRI Shimv2 interface, its benefits for developers and end‑users, reflects on the 2018 container ecosystem evolution, shares highlights from KubeCon Shanghai, and discusses balancing open‑source engineering with technical evangelism.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Docker’s ecosystem, tracing its roots from early container technologies like chroot and FreeBSD Jails through Docker’s own components, key concepts such as libcontainer and OCI, and the evolution into the modular Moby project with related tools such as containerd, Linuxkit, and Infrakit.
This article introduces Istio as a cloud‑native service mesh, explains its core components, features such as traffic management, security, and observability, and provides step‑by‑step commands to quickly deploy Istio on an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster.
Naftis is an open‑source web dashboard for Istio that lets users define custom task templates, manage services, view topology and metrics, and provides step‑by‑step Kubernetes deployment instructions, Docker images, and a complete developer guide for building and running the platform.
This article explains how Docker works on Windows, covering boot2docker, Docker for Windows, native Windows containers, their architecture, image options, licensing, and how developers can leverage both Linux and Windows container formats for modern cloud‑native deployments.
This article introduces Spring Cloud as a comprehensive microservice solution, outlines its key features and typical microservice architecture requirements, and compares its advantages and disadvantages with Dubbo, highlighting differences in community activity, architectural completeness, and documentation quality.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Kubernetes, explaining its purpose as an open‑source platform for automating container deployment, scaling, and management, detailing its advantages over traditional VM approaches, and outlining the core features, capabilities, and limitations of the system.
Alibaba’s PouchContainer, an internally built container runtime, combines LXC and Docker technologies to enable full‑scale, non‑intrusive containerization of online services, offering rich features such as systemd‑based rich containers, enhanced isolation, P2P image distribution, in‑place upgrades, and native Kubernetes integration.
Chubao Database (CBDB) is a second-generation elastic, multi-model database service that supports KV, document, graph, and SQL models via multiple protocols, simplifying stacks, reducing costs, and providing horizontal scalability, high availability, strong consistency, and distributed transactions.
Manbang Group transformed thousands of mixed‑deployed Java microservice instances into Docker containers managed by Kubernetes, addressing resource isolation, manual fault handling, slow rollbacks, and DEV/QA release friction while implementing load balancing, service discovery, high availability, rolling upgrades, auto‑scaling, rapid deployment, and resource limits across a multi‑cluster cloud‑native architecture.
OpenStack can be integrated with Kubernetes either by deploying K8s on top of OpenStack—leveraging Magnum for rapid VM‑based clusters—or by tightly coupling K8s with OpenStack services such as Keystone, Neutron, Cinder, and Manila, each offering distinct benefits and trade‑offs.
This article clarifies that DevOps extends beyond tools like Chef or Puppet, emphasizing people, processes, and culture, and outlines the comprehensive toolchain and steps needed for full‑stack automation in modern cloud‑native environments.
This article recounts Alibaba middleware leader Bi Xuan’s reflections from the 2018 Hangzhou Cloud Expo, highlighting three key projects—HSF, HBase, and Pouch Container—while exploring the broader impact of open‑source technologies such as Linux, Kubernetes, Dubbo, RocketMQ, and OpenMessaging on modern cloud‑native software development.
The article reviews the evolution of Service Mesh and Dubbo, compares sidecar and SDK deployment models, discusses key technical challenges such as multi‑language support, performance, and operations, and explains how Dubbo integrates with Kubernetes to enable cloud‑native micro‑service architectures.
Since its launch in 2016, JD's J-one unified release platform has evolved through multiple large‑scale promotions, introducing container‑based compilation, auto‑scaling, and a new image‑deployment capability that dramatically speeds up releases while improving success rates and providing a suite of automation tools for developers.
The 2018 Cloud Native Best Practices Summit in Beijing gathered over 200 industry leaders and experts who shared insights on cloud native trends, standards, Kubernetes, service mesh, product launches, and the formation of the Cloud Native Practice Alliance, marking a milestone for China's cloud native ecosystem.
This article chronicles Alibaba's eight‑year journey from monolithic applications to a fully containerized, image‑based infrastructure, detailing the evolution of PouchContainer, its technical architecture, large‑scale deployment, Docker compatibility, and the operational practices that enabled seamless migration across the group.
The 2018 Gdevops Global Agile Operations Summit in Beijing gathered experts who shared practical insights on AIOps, DevOps, cloud‑native databases, MongoDB, TiDB on Kubernetes, SQL optimization, and operational best practices, providing a comprehensive snapshot of modern enterprise operations trends.
The iQIYI video backend team outlines their microservice journey, detailing service decomposition strategies, choosing Spring Cloud for its low migration cost and rich ecosystem, and building a shared platform of registries, configuration, gateways, monitoring, and CI/CD to boost efficiency, reliability, and scalability while planning future adoption of service mesh and domain‑driven design.
Amid the rise of serverless Kubernetes, growing pod volumes, and real-time log demands, this article examines emerging log-handling challenges, evaluates traditional collection methods, and presents a comprehensive “Logtail + Log Service + Ecosystem” architecture that delivers high-throughput, reliable, and scalable logging for cloud-native environments.
PouchContainer, Alibaba's open‑source rich‑container engine, delivers strong isolation, high portability, and low resource usage, enabling enterprises to rapidly containerize legacy workloads while preserving existing operations and unlocking cloud‑native benefits at massive scale.
This article presents a curated collection of outstanding Spring Cloud open‑source projects, describing their purpose, key features, and providing direct GitHub links to help developers quickly adopt microservice solutions and related tools in Java‑based cloud‑native environments.
This guide explains how Kubernetes namespace-level resource management lets administrators set default CPU/memory requests, define minimum and maximum constraints, and enforce resource quotas, with step‑by‑step commands and YAML examples to create namespaces, ResourceQuota objects, and pods while handling quota limits.
This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Docker, covering its open‑source origins, client‑server architecture, networking and storage solutions, integration with PaaS/IaaS platforms, impact on DevOps practices, and its pivotal role in enabling modern microservice architectures.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Spring Cloud, explaining why it’s favored for microservice development, detailing its key features and toolset, and examining essential components such as Eureka, Hystrix, Config, Zuul, and Ribbon with practical insights.
This article provides a comprehensive technical overview of Ant Financial’s Service Mesh data‑plane SOFAMosn, covering its architectural background, layered design, core modules, performance optimizations, supported protocols, and future roadmap within a cloud‑native microservices ecosystem.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Kubernetes, covering its definition, primary functions, core concepts such as Pods, Services, Replication Controllers and Labels, and detailed explanations of master components, Kubelet, and Proxy within the cloud‑native container orchestration ecosystem.
This article outlines ten practical microservice best practices—from achieving true REST and using Spring HATEOAS to continuous delivery with Docker and Jenkins—providing a solid, scalable foundation for modern cloud‑native software architectures.
This article details the challenges and solutions encountered while transitioning a rapidly growing financial services platform from a VM‑centric private cloud to a hybrid environment that combines containers and virtual machines, covering network integration, IP management, container image standards, resource isolation, scheduling compatibility, and future lightweight container strategies.
This article shares JD.com’s extensive experience redesigning Kubernetes for massive production use, covering custom DNS and load‑balancing, scaling clusters to ten‑thousand nodes, adapting controllers, building the Archimedes scheduler, and practical insights on resource isolation, deployment, and high‑traffic elasticity.
In a detailed Q&A session at ArchSummit 2018, Ant Financial and Alibaba UC experts discuss the fundamentals, challenges, implementation strategies, and future directions of Service Mesh and Kubernetes, covering performance, multi‑language support, open‑source efforts, and practical advice for developers and operators.
PouchContainer introduces an upgrade API that allows seamless, in‑place upgrades of stateful containers by preserving network, storage, and configuration while reducing API calls, offering consistency, flexibility, and robustness for enterprise‑scale deployments.
The article traces the evolution from early Service‑Oriented Architecture and monolithic applications to modern microservice architectures, highlighting their limitations, the rise of containers and Docker, and how these technologies enable scalable, language‑agnostic, and cloud‑native deployments for complex systems such as e‑commerce platforms.
TencentHub is a unified storage and DevOps platform that combines Docker images, Helm charts, and binary artifacts, using a Kubernetes‑based architecture with a Registry layer, COS‑backed storage engine, JWT token authentication, built‑in vulnerability scanning, and a YAML‑driven, containerized workflow engine for automated, scalable software delivery.
Tencent Cloud’s Container Instance Service (CIS) offers a fully managed, serverless‑style Kubernetes platform that launches Docker images instantly with per‑second billing, VPC isolation, and elastic networking, while Clear Container (Kata Containers) provides lightweight VM‑based isolation for containers, enhancing security and flexibility.
Tencent Cloud’s fully managed Kubernetes service, launched in 2016, delivers one‑click, VPC‑isolated cluster deployment with automated lifecycle, integrated monitoring, logging, storage (CBS/CFS) and CI/CD, custom components for metrics and storage, flat VPC networking, CSI drivers, and flexible master deployment models that simplify scaling, upgrades, and developer focus on applications.
The article recaps a Cloud+ Tech Salon session where Tencent Cloud’s one‑click Kubernetes service, the serverless Container Instance Service, and the Tencent Hub DevOps platform are detailed, illustrating how their integrated networking, storage, monitoring, and workflow features simplify large‑scale AI/ML and high‑performance scientific computing deployments in the cloud.
This article records and translates the first Service Mesher community meetup where Ant Financial’s Service Mesh evangelist Ao Xiaojian presented the exploration of Service Mesh for large‑scale microservice architectures, covering technical selection, architecture design, open‑source strategy, and community resources.
This article shares a year‑long experience of adopting Spring Boot and Spring Cloud in a mid‑size Chinese company, explains microservice fundamentals, compares Spring Cloud with Dubbo, and provides practical guidance on service splitting, database handling, and migration strategies for building cloud‑native architectures.
This article provides a concise, question‑driven overview of Kubernetes, covering the roles of master and worker nodes, pod scheduling, data storage with etcd, service exposure, dynamic scaling, and how the various control‑plane components collaborate to manage a distributed container cluster.
This article describes Ant Financial's decade‑long service‑oriented architecture evolution, the challenges of multi‑language and legacy systems, the evaluation of Istio, Linkerd and Conduit, and the design and deployment of the internally built SOFA Mesh using a Golang sidecar and EdgeSidecar to achieve cloud‑native, high‑availability service mesh capabilities.
CynosDB, Tencent Cloud’s next‑generation enterprise distributed database, re‑architects MySQL with compute‑storage separation, distributed high‑availability storage, and RDMA‑accelerated low‑latency replication, delivering extreme performance, scalability, sub‑millisecond response times, and nine‑nine data reliability for cloud‑native applications.
The article summarizes the design principles of reactive microservices, covering isolation, single responsibility, autonomy, private state, asynchronous messaging, service discovery, API management, and security, and explains how these concepts enable scalable, resilient cloud‑native systems.
In this interview, Ant Financial’s middleware leaders Yang Bing and Huang Ting discuss the evolution of the SOFA framework, the adoption of Service Mesh, open‑source strategies, cloud‑native transformation, and practical advice for engineers navigating large‑scale financial technology platforms.
This article introduces Docker Compose, explains how to define a project with multiple services such as a web app and Redis, details common configuration options, and shows how to start, manage, and scale containers in a single‑host environment before mentioning future coverage of Swarm and Kubernetes.
This article outlines Docker's key advantages and presents eleven common pitfalls—such as storing data inside containers, creating large or single‑layer images, and running processes as root—to help developers use containers more effectively and securely.
This article explains how Kubernetes health checks—Readiness and Liveness probes—work, the differences between them, practical scenarios for their use, and how to configure probe types, delays, and thresholds to build more resilient cloud‑native applications.
This article details the log‑collection difficulties inherent to containerized workloads on the 360 HULK cloud platform and explains how a custom log‑controller, together with Logstash, Qconf, and Qbus2.0, provides dynamic, loss‑free, and source‑aware logging for Kubernetes clusters.
This article explains how the author leverages Docker containers to build a reproducible, low‑overhead development environment, compares traditional script‑based setups, demonstrates an Nginx example with Dockerfile and supporting scripts, introduces the dockerbox utility for easier container interaction, and shows how to configure automatic startup on new machines.
This article explains how ServiceComb’s ServiceCenter component provides reliable microservice registration, discovery, and management through features like instance isolation, black‑white list control, asynchronous caching, heartbeat mechanisms, and self‑preservation, ensuring high availability in distributed cloud‑native environments.
This article details how 360's commercial advertising platform leverages Mesos and Docker containerization to solve data‑center migration, fault recovery, OS inconsistencies, and resource‑utilization challenges, describing the architecture, standardization, networking, storage, service discovery, and future plans.
An SRE engineer from 360 shares how Mesos and Docker containerization solved data‑center migration, fault recovery, OS inconsistencies, scaling, and resource inefficiencies in the company's advertising platform, detailing architecture, deployment, networking, storage, service discovery, and future plans for cloud‑native operations.
This article analyzes the pain points of traditional operation‑backend development, proposes a cloud‑based generation platform that automates UI, database, and API creation, outlines its architecture and workflow, and shows how it reduces development cycles from days to minutes while standardizing style and resource usage.
This guide explains how to collect and visualize Kubernetes performance metrics—CPU, memory, network, and filesystem—by deploying Heapster with a StatsD sink that forwards data to Splunk's Metrics Store, then using Splunk SPL commands and dashboards for real‑time monitoring.
UCloud’s CTO emphasizes stable services while embracing change, leading to a lightweight Service Mesh solution that replaces costly API gateways with Istio‑derived components, enabling efficient gray releases, reduced maintenance, and seamless integration with existing services through Docker‑compose sidecars and ETCD‑based discovery.
This article introduces Docker's core concepts—including images, containers, registries, volumes, and essential commands such as build, push, pull, run, save, load, export, and import—to help developers achieve consistent, isolated, and rapid deployment across environments.
This article explains how AWS Fargate eliminates the need for traditional container orchestration by providing a serverless, pay‑as‑you‑go platform that integrates with Amazon VPC, Auto Scaling, ELB, IAM and compliance standards, reshaping the way developers build and run cloud‑native applications.
This article from the 360 Qihu operations team explains Kubernetes' architecture, core components, and the three‑step registration‑watch‑action process, while also detailing custom load‑balancer and log‑collection controllers they built for HULK deployments, offering insights for developers and operators.
This article examines the limitations of traditional microservice frameworks, introduces service mesh as a solution with sidecar architecture, outlines its definition, evolution stages, and timeline, and concludes with resources for further learning and practical implementation.
This article reviews the challenges of early microservice frameworks—high technical barriers, limited multi‑language support, and intrusive code—and explains how service mesh architectures with sidecar proxies, exemplified by Linkerd, Envoy, and Istio, provide a dedicated, language‑agnostic infrastructure layer that simplifies service governance and operations.
This article explores how Kubernetes has emerged as the dominant container‑orchestration platform, evolving into a low‑level, multi‑cloud standard that creates network effects for distributed tools, reshapes vendor offerings, drives new business models such as Helm‑based package management and serverless functions, and hints at a future where Kubernetes is as invisible as the OS kernel.
