This article introduces Prometheus, compares it with Zabbix, Open‑Falcon and Nagios, explains its architecture, data model, exporters, storage options, query language, alerting and federation, and shares practical deployment experiences and common Q&A for cloud‑native environments.
This article provides an in‑depth, English‑language overview of Docker’s container architecture, networking stack, storage mechanisms, integration with cloud and OpenStack platforms, and its role in modern DevOps, PaaS, IaaS, and micro‑service ecosystems.
This guide walks beginners through deploying PHP and Java web applications on a Kubernetes cluster, covering environment preparation, Docker image creation, namespace and secret setup, writing deployment, service and ingress manifests, and verifying access via host file configuration, illustrating each step with code snippets and diagrams.
On September 18, Kubernetes v1.16 was released with 31 enhancements—including GA for custom resources, a revamped metrics system, volume resizing, Windows workload improvements, kubeadm alpha support, CSI integration, and the new Endpoint Slices feature that dramatically improves scalability and network topology handling.
This article explains how UCloud’s KUN platform leverages Kubernetes Operators to simplify deployment and management of stateful distributed services like Redis, covering Operator fundamentals, design choices, Redis Operator features, scope handling, persistence, monitoring, and the overall benefits for DevOps efficiency.
This article explains Docker’s origins, core concepts, and the challenges of container IP volatility, then compares client‑side and server‑side service discovery methods, evaluates DNS, LVS/IPVS, Nginx and HAProxy solutions, and presents practical load‑balancing architectures—including dynamic SLB integration and rolling‑update strategies—for reliable container deployments.
Traefik 2.0 finally arrives with major upgrades such as native TCP and SNI routing, unified HTTP/TCP entrypoints, a powerful middleware system, a revamped dashboard, built‑in canary releases via weighted load‑balancing, traffic mirroring, and comprehensive migration tools for moving from 1.x to 2.0.
Meituan’s HULK platform evolved from an OpenStack‑based scheduler to a Kubernetes‑native container cluster manager, integrating service governance, release, CMDB, and monitoring to automate VM‑to‑container migration, improve resource utilization, and deliver elastic, policy‑driven scheduling and scaling with reduced troubleshooting time and higher SLA compliance.
This article introduces the evolution of software architecture toward microservices, explains the key characteristics of microservice architectures, describes microservice gateway concepts and classifications, and details the design, features, deployment, and high‑availability mechanisms of the SpringCloud‑based SIA‑Gateway solution.
This guide introduces six practical open‑source Kubernetes utilities—including kubectl autocomplete, go‑template output customization, interactive clients, alias generators, manifest validators, and Kedge simplifiers—to help users improve cluster reliability, streamline command‑line interactions, and reduce the complexity of manifest files.
Prometheus, an open‑source monitoring and alerting toolkit originally developed by SoundCloud and now a CNCF project, offers multidimensional data models, flexible queries, pull‑based data collection, various metric types (counter, gauge, summary, histogram), local and remote storage, service discovery, and integrates with Grafana for visualization.
This guide explains how to configure a Docker proxy, apply the Tekton Dashboard manifest on an OpenShift cluster, and verify the deployment, providing step‑by‑step commands and screenshots for a successful Cloud Native CI/CD setup.
This article provides an in‑depth overview of logging strategies from Docker to Kubernetes, explains the security architecture of Kubernetes clusters, and outlines best‑practice deployment of the Kong microservice gateway within a Kubernetes environment, offering practical insights for cloud‑native DevOps engineers.
The article introduces Apache Dubbo, a high‑performance Java RPC framework, outlines its history, current features, multi‑language ecosystem, recent releases, and future plans such as cloud‑native integration, service‑mesh support, reactive programming, and the roadmap toward Dubbo 3.0.
This guide provides a step‑by‑step tutorial for installing Minikube on a CentOS 7 virtual machine, including prerequisite setup, VirtualBox installation, Kubernetes cluster deployment, Dashboard and kubectl configuration, common commands, and troubleshooting tips for developers.
This article explains the role of Kubernetes Service and kube-proxy, details each Service type (ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer, Ingress), compares iptables‑based and IPVS‑based load‑balancing implementations, and provides configuration examples for both modes.
The article explains traditional release practices, contrasts monolithic and microservice architectures, highlights challenges of scaling microservices, and shows how Kubernetes provides automation, configuration management, fault handling, and elastic scaling to streamline cloud‑native deployments.
This tutorial walks through configuring a GitHub project, creating a Dockerfile, setting up Docker Hub builds, and using Tekton Pipelines to deploy container images to an OpenShift cluster, illustrating each step with screenshots and practical tips for resolving image download errors.
This guide introduces Tekton, a Kubernetes‑native CI/CD framework, and walks through installing it on an OKD cluster, creating and running a simple Task and TaskRun, handling image pull issues, and verifying pipeline execution, providing practical commands and YAML examples.
Kube‑OVN 0.7.0 introduces IPAM optimizations for StatefulSet, new Subnet CRD status fields, default traffic mirroring, IPv6 control‑plane support, updated documentation, and a detailed TCP performance test showing only a 4% throughput loss for packets larger than 2 KB compared to host networking.
The article explains what Serverless (or Function as a Service) is, outlines its technical characteristics, business benefits, and ideal application scenarios, and argues that Serverless represents a fundamental shift toward cloud‑native architectures in modern software development.
The article recaps a Shanghai UCan afternoon tea tech salon where six seasoned experts shared practical Kubernetes and cloud‑native experiences, covering UCloud’s UK8S platform, network and storage integrations, tenant isolation, deployment automation, real‑world case studies from healthcare, workflow engines, service mesh, and small‑team adoption strategies.
This article details Industrial Bank's multi‑year IT architecture transformation, describing the challenges of legacy mainframe‑based OLTP, the strategic shift to a distributed MySQL ecosystem, the implementation phases, high‑availability designs, containerization efforts, measurable outcomes, and future directions for cloud‑native and data‑exchange capabilities.
This article explains the Harbor container image registry, its six‑component architecture, role‑based access control, project management, image replication, high‑availability deployment with load balancing, Docker image layers, overlay2 storage details, and the directory structure and workflow for storing and uploading images.
This guide surveys the most popular open‑source distributed tracing projects, classifying them by instrumentation, tracer, and analysis capabilities, and explains how they fit into modern microservice observability, helping newcomers understand each tool’s strengths, integrations, and the broader tracing ecosystem.
This article explains how to set up and manage Jenkins CI/CD pipelines on Kubernetes, covering plugin installation, pod deployment, pipeline configuration, and best practices for continuous integration and delivery in a cloud‑native DevOps environment.
At the 2019 Alibaba Cloud Yunci Conference in Hangzhou, Gaode Technology presented a comprehensive technical forum covering visual intelligence, autonomous-driving perception, the evolution of its client and traffic-access architecture, fine-grained positioning, route-planning algorithms, and spatio-temporal data applications, featuring expert talks from Gaode and Alibaba specialists.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Docker, covering its origins from LXC, the relationship between LXC and Docker, Docker's architecture and components, key container technologies such as namespaces and cgroups, and step‑by‑step instructions for installing, managing images, running containers, and inspecting logs.
The article revisits software process improvement, arguing that despite DevOps and cloud‑native advances—exemplified by Jenkins’s evolution—continuous, metric‑driven refinement remains essential for efficiency, quality, and cost control, while highlighting new challenges such as organizational recognition, flexible measurement, and integrated CI/CD solutions.
Since 2017, Youzan transformed its monolithic Nginx‑PHP stack into a language‑agnostic service mesh by introducing Dubbo, the ZanPHP RPC framework, a custom NOVA protocol, and the Go‑based Tether sidecar that offloads discovery, load‑balancing and monitoring, later adding a Service Pretender for cross‑region traffic, and now migrates discovery to Istio Pilot on Kubernetes for seamless, containerized microservice orchestration.
This article details Capital One's migration from an open‑source Docker registry to JFrog Artifactory, covering the evaluation of Artifactory, ECR, and Harbor, the migration process, performance testing, and the resulting production rollout that now serves over 9 million images to 10,000+ developers.
This guide walks through preparing three CentOS 7.6 VMs as combined master‑node hosts, configuring password‑less SSH, updating the OS, installing Ansible, importing required Docker images, setting up the Ansible inventory, deploying the OpenShift 3.11 cluster, creating an admin account, and troubleshooting common issues.
Spring Cloud Alibaba has officially graduated after a year of incubation, releasing its first post‑graduation version with updated components, migration guidelines, release notes, a roadmap for future features, and a new committer mechanism, all of which impact how developers integrate and maintain their microservice projects.
This article explains cloud‑native networking fundamentals, detailing the role of CNI, the high‑performance packet processing capabilities of DPDK and its UIO and poll‑mode drivers, and introduces the Contiv/VPP Kubernetes plugin that leverages VPP for efficient pod‑to‑pod communication.
Tencent’s recent Operations Open Day showcased how its engineers migrated billions of users to public cloud, leveraged cloud‑native DevOps, serverless functions, and intelligent data‑center management to dramatically improve efficiency, scalability, and reliability across its massive infrastructure.
This article details Xiaomi's Ocean elastic scheduling platform's challenges in monitoring massive Kubernetes clusters, the transition from Open‑Falcon to a Prometheus‑based solution with remote storage, partitioned deployment strategies, performance testing, and future plans for automated scaling and data analytics.
This article explains serverless concepts for front‑end developers, outlines its evolution, benefits, and architecture—including BFF layers and SSR—then demonstrates a complete vocabulary mini‑program built with cloud functions, storage, monitoring, debugging, testing, deployment, and operational best practices.
The latest Kube-OVN release introduces traffic mirroring, IPv6 beta support, an IP‑conflict‑checking webhook, CRD‑based subnet management, and Go module dependency handling, while also summarizing the project’s core networking capabilities and its role in extending Kubernetes with OVN features.
This article examines the challenges of a PHP‑based microservice stack, compares open‑source Java solutions, explains the rationale for adopting Spring Boot 2 with MyBatis and Undertow, and outlines a roadmap toward CI/CD automation, service discovery, and Service Mesh adoption.
The story follows a tiny PHP application named Phippy, who moves from a lonely shared host into a container, meets the wise Captain Kube, learns about Pods, Replication Controllers, services, volumes, and namespaces, and discovers how Kubernetes orchestrates isolated yet connected workloads, illustrated through a whimsical maritime metaphor.
UCloud integrated GitLab with its custom Kubernetes‑based container service platform KUN to achieve daily automated deployments, detailing CI/CD goals, branch strategy, pipeline design, Kaniko image building, runner execution, and a specialized YAML editor for seamless cloud‑native development.
The talk from KubeCon 2019 details how a major commercial bank adopted a container‑based PaaS platform, covering digital transformation drivers, agile and DevOps practices, a multi‑cluster Kubernetes architecture, the custom Kube‑OVN networking solution, and the resulting operational and business benefits.
Cloud native, a rapidly evolving paradigm, combines containerization, microservices, DevOps, and continuous delivery to build applications that fully leverage cloud elasticity and scalability, and while its definitions vary across organizations and time, the core principles remain DevOps, continuous delivery, microservices, and containers.
The article examines the limitations of traditional threshold‑based autoscaling in Kubernetes, explains three core challenges—percentage fragmentation, capacity‑planning pitfalls, and resource‑utilization dilemmas—then expands the autoscaling concept across four workload types and outlines the cloud‑native components that address them.
This article presents Ant Financial's real‑world service mesh deployment, describing how middleware capabilities are offloaded to a sidecar (SOFAMosn) within Kubernetes, detailing middleware version‑upgrade challenges, cross‑language communication, seamless sidecar upgrades, and extensive performance tuning to achieve low‑impact, high‑throughput microservice operations.
This article explains the practical motivations behind creating Kube-OVN, outlines its design principles, describes its overall architecture and network model, and details key features such as subnet management, IP allocation, QoS, gateway handling, traffic mirroring, and future development plans.
This article describes Ctrip’s large‑scale continuous delivery system, its benefits for efficiency, quality, reliability and team collaboration, the evolution of its deployment models, the design of a unified Jenkins‑based build platform, and practical experiences running Jenkins on Kubernetes with elastic scheduling and workspace management.
This article explains the concept of cloud native computing, covering its definitions, the role of containers and orchestration, the benefits and challenges of micro‑service architectures, and practical tools like Docker and Kubernetes for building scalable, portable applications.
This article details Xiaomi's end‑to‑end, highly available Kubernetes monitoring solution that combines Prometheus, OpenTSDB, and Falcon to handle massive dynamic metrics, ensure persistent storage, and support seamless scaling across multiple clusters.
The article reviews the rapid development of cloud‑native technologies in China, explains how the runV project merged into Kata containers, discusses the security advantages of Kata, and shares the founder’s perspective on open‑source entrepreneurship, cloud‑native adoption in finance, and future trends in container ecosystems.
This article explains the concept of circuit breaking and rate limiting in micro‑service architectures, compares Hystrix and Istio implementations, details Istio's ConnectionPool and outlierDetection settings, maps their parameters to Envoy, and provides step‑by‑step command‑line examples that demonstrate how these controls behave in practice.
This article explains why Jaeger is a popular cloud‑native tracing solution, describes its architecture, sampling options, and deployment strategies on Kubernetes—including DaemonSet and Sidecar modes—followed by a step‑by‑step Django integration example and guidance on monitoring, alerting, and resource cleanup.
The article analyzes the rapid growth of the serverless market, outlines the technical limitations of existing serverless solutions, and details Tencent Cloud's Serverless 2.0 architecture—including event functions, HTTP functions, HTTP services, developer tools, DevOps integration, and monitoring—while presenting real‑world use cases and performance improvements.
Tencent Cloud’s database evolution progressed from early open‑source integration to self‑developed, cloud‑native solutions, producing the distributed, high‑availability TDSQL and the compute‑storage‑separated, log‑sinking CynosDB, each featuring advanced scheduling, sharding, cost‑based optimization, and asynchronous log replay to deliver scalable, low‑latency performance for diverse workloads.
This article provides a detailed overview of Docker and container technology, covering its architecture, networking models, storage mechanisms, integration with PaaS/IaaS/OpenStack, orchestration tools, micro‑service adoption, DevOps impact, and the broader ecosystem of cloud‑native solutions.
This article explains Ceph's distributed storage design, detailing how clients use RADOS to map files to objects, objects to placement groups, and placement groups to OSDs, while covering component roles, metadata handling, Xattr limits, and the impact of PGs on OSD communication overhead.
This article details the design and evolution of a highly available, persistent, and dynamically adjustable Kubernetes monitoring solution at Xiaomi, covering initial Falcon‑based approaches, the transition to Prometheus with remote storage via OpenTSDB, federation‑based partitioning, deployment strategies, performance testing, and future enhancements.
The article analyzes a slowdown issue in the 58 Cloud Platform caused by an overloaded API Server and uneven Etcd load, explains the root causes—including load‑balancing failure and missing namespace segmentation—and presents concrete remediation steps such as DNS round‑robin, namespace partitioning, Etcd client upgrade, and cache‑enabled queries.
This article presents Autohome's journey from fragmented application deployment to the unified A-One platform, outlining its design rationale, cloud-native architecture, implementation outcomes, and roadmap to boost developer productivity and system reliability across the organization.
The article explains how Docker and Kubernetes use Linux namespaces to isolate processes, network, IPC, mounts, UTS and users, and employ cgroups to enforce CPU, memory and I/O limits, detailing Docker’s architecture, Kubernetes’s millicore‑based resource model, QoS classes, and the hierarchical pod‑level cgroup structure.
Kube-OVN 0.5 introduces full Kubernetes NetworkPolicy support via Openflow, customizable container interfaces and MTU, automatic system parameter tuning, auto‑computed default gateways, and additional CLI options, while its open‑source design brings comprehensive OVN‑based networking features to Kubernetes across diverse platforms.
Implementing a service mesh in production faces real‑world hurdles such as significant CPU consumption, 20‑50% performance loss, tangled sidecar responsibilities, missing registration support, and control‑plane bottlenecks, which can be mitigated by a central‑mesh fallback, IPC and lock‑free optimizations, staged sidecar splitting, and unified Pilot‑based service discovery.
This article analyzes Youzan Cloud's architecture for supporting multi‑language customizations, detailing the distinction between small and large SaaS customers, the role of tool, self‑use, and industry apps, and the service‑mesh‑based RPC framework that abstracts protocols, monitoring, and logging across Java, PHP, Python, and Node.js.
This article provides a detailed analysis of Envoy’s filter architecture within Istio 1.1, explaining the async event model, each filter type, their registration interfaces, and the key processing steps from listener selection to load‑balancing and Mixer integration.
This article explains why modern enterprises need a middle platform, how to construct a cloud‑native technical middle platform using Kubernetes and .NET Core, and the advantages of these technologies for fast, cost‑effective development and operations in startup environments.
NebulasFs is a self‑developed distributed, highly available and durable storage system designed to efficiently store billions of small files by using a master‑datanode architecture, multi‑tenant isolation, customizable replication, automatic scaling, and automated replica repair, addressing the challenges of massive unstructured data generated by modern applications.
This talk shares Kuaishou's practical experience in building a private Kubernetes container cloud, optimizing Docker image layers, using Helm for application deployment, implementing GitLab CI/CD pipelines, and adopting Istio service mesh for multi‑cluster service governance, highlighting challenges and solutions for real‑world adoption.
This article introduces Istio as an open‑source service mesh, explains its data‑plane and control‑plane architecture, outlines its traffic management, security, and telemetry features, discusses performance considerations, and shows how Lingque Cloud ASM leverages Istio to solve typical microservice problems such as debugging, testing, release processes, and flexible network policies.
The article details how a Tencent front‑end engineer migrated a Node.js service to Tencent Cloud Serverless, used WeTest load‑testing to expose cold‑start and network latency issues, applied code and connection optimizations plus regional deployment, achieving sub‑200 ms response for 200 concurrent users while outlining further roadmap improvements.
The article presents Alibaba Cloud's real-time computing solution based on Flink and HBase, covering market competition, open‑source ecosystem, containerized architecture on Kubernetes, and typical applications such as online education video analysis, city‑brain traffic management, and fraud detection.
This guide walks you through Docker fundamentals, its container‑based virtualization, installation on Windows and Ubuntu, architecture components, image concepts, and a hands‑on workflow that covers pulling, running, building, and pushing images, all illustrated with clear examples and diagrams.
This article explains the meaning, benefits, and practical implementation of chaos engineering, compares it with traditional fault injection, discusses when it’s needed, and details Alibaba’s multi‑year experience and its open‑source ChaosBlade tool for building resilient cloud‑native systems.
The article introduces Service Mesh Interface (SMI), a lightweight standard for Kubernetes service meshes, explains its design goals, details the core API objects for traffic specification, access control, traffic splitting, and monitoring, and reviews the ecosystem of vendors and contributors supporting the specification.
This comprehensive guide introduces Docker’s origins, core concepts such as images, containers, and registries, explains installation on major platforms, demonstrates essential commands, shows how to run and manage containers, and walks through creating, tagging, pushing, and importing custom images using Dockerfile.
This article explains Kubernetes' origins, its pivotal role in the cloud‑native ecosystem, practical steps for migrating legacy applications, common operational challenges, and emerging trends such as service mesh, serverless, and data‑service integration.
This article details the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China's multi‑year migration from mainframe‑based DB2 to a high‑availability, distributed MySQL solution, covering the challenges, strategic decisions, technical stack, containerization, operational improvements, and measurable business outcomes.
The case study details how Pandora’s marketing solution for Tencent’s games was migrated to a managed Tencent Cloud Kubernetes cluster, compares container‑service, serverless, and self‑built options, outlines the new image‑based deployment workflow, autoscaling, monitoring practices, and demonstrates the operational benefits of tighter dev‑ops collaboration.
This article presents a concise yet detailed formal model of the Kubernetes Scheduler, describing its control‑loop logic, scheduling and preemption processes, feasibility filters, viability scoring, and binding objects using TLA+ specifications and illustrative code snippets.
The article revisits software process improvement, arguing that despite DevOps and cloud‑native advances—exemplified by Jenkins’s evolution from simple builds to fully programmable, Git‑and‑Kubernetes‑driven pipelines—continuous, metric‑driven refinement remains essential for boosting efficiency, quality, and resilience in modern, micro‑service‑centric delivery.
In a QCon 2019 talk, Ant Financial’s deputy CTO Hu Xi outlines the company’s fifteen‑year journey reshaping payments and micro‑loans through blockchain, AI, security, IoT and cloud computing, and details the emerging cloud‑native, high‑availability, data‑intelligent architecture that will underpin the next generation of financial technology.
The article reviews Ant Financial’s fifteen‑year journey reshaping payments and micro‑loans through blockchain, AI, security, IoT and cloud computing, explains how distributed middleware, OceanBase, service‑mesh‑based cloud‑native infrastructure and open intelligent computing architectures enable high‑availability, scalable financial services, and introduces the BASIC College talent program.
Alibaba’s R&D team introduced a service‑level virtualization technique called “feature environments,” which uses shared base environments and virtual routing to provide lightweight, isolated test environments, reducing cost and improving stability while leveraging containers, Kubernetes, and DevOps practices for large‑scale projects.
An Alibaba Cloud expert walks through a rare Kubernetes node NotReady issue, detailing how PLEG failures, Docker daemon stack traces, runC’s D‑Bus interactions, and a systemd cookie overflow combine to stall nodes, and explains the debugging steps and eventual fix.
Apache SkyWalking, an open‑source observability platform that originated in 2015, has graduated to a top‑level Apache project, offering comprehensive APM features such as distributed tracing, metrics, service topology, root‑cause analysis, and flexible storage options for cloud‑native microservice environments.
The 2019 Cloud Native Industry Conference in Beijing showcased two authoritative whitepapers, detailed Ant Financial's SOFAStack and Serverless implementations in finance, honored leading experts, and announced the formation of a cloud native industry alliance, illustrating practical cloud native advancements and standards.
This article details how Fangduoduo, a leading mobile real‑estate platform, migrated to a Docker Swarm‑based container cloud, covering the reasons for choosing Swarm, architecture design, networking, CI/CD integration, performance optimizations, monitoring, and the operational benefits gained from the transition.
The Beijing cloud‑native technology salon on April 20 showcased expert talks on Kube‑OVN networking, Oracle Linux Ksplice hot‑patching, 360’s Wayne multi‑cluster platform, YRCloudFile container storage, and CI/CD strategies, highlighting practical advances and open‑source projects for modern cloud environments.
Kubernetes performs in‑place container upgrades by detecting spec changes, computing pod actions that selectively kill and restart only the affected containers while preserving the pod sandbox, allowing sidecar updates without full pod recreation, reducing downtime and enabling custom operators for gray‑scale rolling upgrades.
The latest Spring Cloud Alibaba release, arriving four months after Nacos 1.0.0, introduces several new modules—including Dubbo integration, Seata distributed transactions, Sentinel‑Zuul filters, and SMS support—while upgrading core components such as Nacos to 1.0.0 and Sentinel to 1.5.2, and provides a detailed version‑compatibility matrix for Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, and Spring Cloud Alibaba.
Dubbo 3.0 preview introduces a fully asynchronous Filter chain, native Reactive Streams support via RSocket, early Service‑Mesh integration, and tighter fusion with Alibaba’s internal systems, offering developers a modern, high‑throughput Java RPC framework for cloud‑native applications.
The Shanghai Go technology salon brought together senior architects from QuTouTiao, Qiniu, and Bilibili to share real‑world implementations of Service Mesh, full‑link tracing, and microservice governance using Go, highlighting practical challenges, solutions, and future directions.
This article describes the challenges of scaling the 58 Cloud Search service, explains why Prometheus was selected as the monitoring stack, and details the architecture, data collection, storage, alerting, visualization, and future enhancements of the resulting cloud‑native monitoring system.
The Shanghai Go Language Tech Salon, co‑hosted by Qutoutiao and Jikebang, gathered senior architects from Qutoutiao, Qiniu, and Bilibili to share real‑world implementations of Go, covering a self‑built Service Mesh, full‑link tracing, and microservice governance, followed by an interactive Lean Coffee discussion on Go’s future.
The article argues that AWS’s relationship to Kubernetes mirrors Windows’s historic dominance over Linux, examining vendor lock‑in, the evolution of cloud services, the economics of scaling, and why enterprises should consider open‑source alternatives and distribution‑based Kubernetes solutions to avoid being trapped.
The article reviews Kubernetes 1.14, highlighting major advances such as full Windows node and container support, the integration of Kustomize for native application management, performance optimizations for large‑scale clusters, and enhancements to extensibility and stability that signal the platform’s continued evolution.
This article explains microservice architecture and the role of API gateways, introduces Kong as a high‑availability gateway, and provides a step‑by‑step guide for deploying containerized AI services (face, pet, and content moderation) and integrating them with Kong for authentication, rate‑limiting, and secure access.
This article examines the challenges of big‑data storage in containerized environments, compares compute‑storage‑separated architectures with traditional setups, presents performance and cost benchmarks of Alibaba Cloud ECS instances, and outlines practical storage options such as OSS, NAS, and DFS for Spark workloads on Kubernetes.
The article explains how many companies struggle with inefficient DevOps communication and proposes a solution based on process, standardization, automation, and platformization, culminating in a lightweight Kubernetes‑based PaaS that reduces operational workload and improves reliability.
Looking ahead to 2019, the article forecasts that Kubernetes will mature and accelerate adoption, service meshes like Istio and Envoy will dominate multicloud networking, containerized micro‑service marketplaces will expand, SaaS providers will deepen enterprise app portfolios, and hybrid‑cloud and edge computing will grow, driven by cloud‑native architectures.
The article details CynosDB’s cloud‑native PostgreSQL design—using compute‑storage separation, log sinking with asynchronous replay, and multi‑version reads—to enable a one‑primary multi‑read architecture that delivers elastic scaling, reduced I/O, stateless instances, and rapid failover and efficient resource utilization through parallel log‑based recovery.
