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Java Backend Technology
Java Backend Technology
Jan 16, 2018 · Backend Development

From Monolith to Microservices: A Beginner’s Guide to Modern Backend Architecture

This article walks through the evolution from traditional three‑layer monolithic architecture to microservice architecture, explaining system design concepts, the drawbacks of monoliths, the benefits and challenges of microservices, and compares them with SOA, providing clear diagrams, pros and cons, and practical insights for backend engineers.

Backend ArchitectureSOAmicroservices
0 likes · 15 min read
From Monolith to Microservices: A Beginner’s Guide to Modern Backend Architecture
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Jan 11, 2018 · Backend Development

HSF 2.2: Architecture and Optimizations that Powered Alibaba’s Double‑11

HSF 2.2 introduces a clear three‑domain architecture, async call interceptors, multi‑application support, and several serialization and map‑operation optimizations that together reduced CPU usage, network traffic and latency, enabling Alibaba to handle over 3.5 trillion calls during the 2017 Double‑11 event.

Backend ArchitectureHSFasync interceptor
0 likes · 15 min read
HSF 2.2: Architecture and Optimizations that Powered Alibaba’s Double‑11
360 Zhihui Cloud Developer
360 Zhihui Cloud Developer
Dec 28, 2017 · Backend Development

How 360’s SSP Engine Delivers Billions of Ads with Microservices and High‑Performance Architecture

This article explains the architecture and key technologies of 360’s SSP advertising engine—including flexible micro‑service layers, DAG‑based topology, rule and template management, and high‑performance Go‑based HTTP frameworks—that enable billion‑scale ad delivery with low latency and high concurrency.

AdvertisingBackend ArchitectureGo
0 likes · 16 min read
How 360’s SSP Engine Delivers Billions of Ads with Microservices and High‑Performance Architecture
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Dec 19, 2017 · Backend Development

Key Building Blocks for Microservice Architecture: Config, Registry, API Gateway & More

This guide walks beginners through the fundamental components of microservice infrastructure—configuration management, service registry, API gateway, authentication, message broker, BFF, circuit breaker, and load balancing—explaining their roles, interactions, and practical considerations for building resilient systems.

Backend ArchitectureCircuit BreakerConfiguration Management
0 likes · 18 min read
Key Building Blocks for Microservice Architecture: Config, Registry, API Gateway & More
Dada Group Technology
Dada Group Technology
Dec 8, 2017 · Backend Development

Key Considerations for Large‑Scale System Refactoring: Lessons from Dada JD.com’s Double‑11 Experience

The article shares practical insights on planning, designing, developing, testing, and rolling out a large‑scale backend system refactor, emphasizing resource limits, pain points of legacy code, unit‑test protection, layering, decoupling, monitoring, and staged deployment to ensure stability during high‑traffic events.

Backend ArchitectureDecouplinggradual rollout
0 likes · 9 min read
Key Considerations for Large‑Scale System Refactoring: Lessons from Dada JD.com’s Double‑11 Experience
Java Captain
Java Captain
Nov 26, 2017 · Backend Development

Key Takeaways and Analysis of the Alibaba Java Development Manual

This article reviews the Alibaba Java Development Manual, highlighting key best‑practice sections such as project structure, coding conventions, MySQL design, security, and concurrency, and provides detailed analysis of architecture layers, collection handling, thread‑pool creation, locking principles, and SQL performance optimization.

Backend ArchitectureMySQLPerformance Optimization
0 likes · 12 min read
Key Takeaways and Analysis of the Alibaba Java Development Manual
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Nov 23, 2017 · Backend Development

Microservice Transformation Experience and Target Architecture Design

This article shares the author's experience and lessons learned from a two‑day intensive discussion on microservice migration, outlining a concrete implementation plan, current architectural challenges, key debates, and the final target architecture blueprint for a third‑party payment company.

Backend ArchitectureDomain‑Driven DesignSystem Migration
0 likes · 12 min read
Microservice Transformation Experience and Target Architecture Design
21CTO
21CTO
Nov 17, 2017 · Backend Development

How TableStore Powers Scalable IM Message Sync and Storage

This article explains the evolution of instant messaging systems, introduces the Timeline logical model for message synchronization and storage, compares traditional and modern architectures, and details how Alibaba Cloud TableStore can be used to build a high‑performance, multi‑device IM backend supporting millions of TPS and millisecond latency.

Backend ArchitectureIMMessage Sync
0 likes · 15 min read
How TableStore Powers Scalable IM Message Sync and Storage
Tongcheng Travel Technology Center
Tongcheng Travel Technology Center
Nov 14, 2017 · Backend Development

Highlights of the First Tongcheng Technology Conference in Suzhou: Serverless, Microservices, Go, NewSQL, Hybrid Cloud, and Ticket Search Architecture

The two‑day Tongcheng Technology Conference in Suzhou featured six technical sessions covering serverless architecture, microservices with Go, Facebook‑style development tools, NewSQL database practices, hybrid cloud management at Sina Weibo, and high‑performance ticket search systems, offering practical insights for backend engineers.

Backend ArchitectureGoNewSQL
0 likes · 10 min read
Highlights of the First Tongcheng Technology Conference in Suzhou: Serverless, Microservices, Go, NewSQL, Hybrid Cloud, and Ticket Search Architecture
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Nov 8, 2017 · Operations

How Tencent Scaled Mobile QQ: From 500K to 180M Users with Global Smart Scheduling

This article details how Tencent's Mobile QQ grew from a half‑million online users to over 180 million by optimizing network access, evolving backend architecture from a single‑center to a three‑center design, and deploying a real‑time global smart‑scheduling system that reduces packet loss and login latency for both domestic and overseas users.

Backend ArchitectureQQglobal scheduling
0 likes · 23 min read
How Tencent Scaled Mobile QQ: From 500K to 180M Users with Global Smart Scheduling
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Nov 3, 2017 · Databases

Understanding Database Sharding: Why It Matters and How to Implement It

Database sharding, or splitting databases into multiple instances and tables, is essential for scaling backend systems; this article explains its importance, historical context, core concepts, storage stretching techniques, index and consistency handling, and provides a practical design example for transaction systems.

Backend ArchitectureConsistencyPartitioning
0 likes · 11 min read
Understanding Database Sharding: Why It Matters and How to Implement It
21CTO
21CTO
Oct 15, 2017 · Operations

Mastering High Concurrency & High Availability: Core Principles for Scalable Systems

This article outlines essential principles for designing high‑concurrency and high‑availability systems, covering stateless architecture, service decomposition, caching strategies, message queues, data heterogeneity, degradation, rate limiting, traffic switching, rollback, and comprehensive business design rules such as idempotency, anti‑duplication, and documentation.

Backend ArchitectureScalabilitySystem Design
0 likes · 12 min read
Mastering High Concurrency & High Availability: Core Principles for Scalable Systems
Meitu Technology
Meitu Technology
Sep 28, 2017 · Backend Development

Meipai Live Streaming Media Architecture and Experience Optimization

Over the past two years, Meipai Live streaming has transformed from a single‑CDN, single‑source setup to a multi‑CDN, multi‑source architecture with intelligent integrated scheduling, improving service stability, reducing costs, and enhancing user experience, as detailed by technical director Zhu Lei, who will discuss source‑station construction, CDN integration, and live‑stream optimization.

Backend ArchitectureCDN IntegrationMedia Architecture
0 likes · 2 min read
Meipai Live Streaming Media Architecture and Experience Optimization
21CTO
21CTO
Sep 18, 2017 · Backend Development

Web Server vs. Application Server vs. Container vs. Reverse Proxy: What’s the Real Difference?

This article explains the concepts, history, and core mechanisms of web servers, web application containers, application servers, and reverse proxies, compares their functions and relationships, and provides a concise summary to help developers choose the right component for their backend architecture.

Application ServerBackend ArchitectureWeb Container
0 likes · 15 min read
Web Server vs. Application Server vs. Container vs. Reverse Proxy: What’s the Real Difference?
Ctrip Technology
Ctrip Technology
Aug 17, 2017 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of Vipshop's Message Gateway

This article presents a comprehensive overview of Vipshop's message gateway redesign, covering its architectural positioning, internal modules, technical stack, monitoring, degradation strategies, and practical lessons learned to handle massive messaging traffic in a large‑scale e‑commerce environment.

Backend ArchitectureScalabilityVenus RPC
0 likes · 13 min read
Design and Implementation of Vipshop's Message Gateway
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Aug 8, 2017 · Backend Development

Scalability Design of Website Systems: Architecture and Load‑Balancing Strategies

This article explains how website systems achieve scalability through architectural designs such as physical function separation, server clustering, various load‑balancing techniques, distributed cache mechanisms, and both relational and NoSQL database scaling methods, providing practical guidance for large‑scale web deployments.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed CacheScalability
0 likes · 13 min read
Scalability Design of Website Systems: Architecture and Load‑Balancing Strategies
Baidu Waimai Technology Team
Baidu Waimai Technology Team
Jul 24, 2017 · Backend Development

Transaction System Best Practices: Event‑Driven Architecture, Document Model, and Availability Guarantees

The article recaps a technical talk by Qunar’s accommodation trading system lead, covering event‑driven design, flexible document schemas, and reliability techniques such as circuit breaking, gray releases, and automated testing to improve scalability and maintainability of backend transaction platforms.

AvailabilityBackend ArchitectureDocument Model
0 likes · 3 min read
Transaction System Best Practices: Event‑Driven Architecture, Document Model, and Availability Guarantees
21CTO
21CTO
Jul 20, 2017 · Backend Development

How Ctrip Built a Real-Time User Data Collection System with Netty and Kafka

This article details Ctrip's design and implementation of a high‑throughput, low‑latency user data collection platform that leverages Java NIO, Netty, and a custom Kafka‑based messaging layer, covering architecture, encryption, compression, disaster‑recovery, performance testing, and downstream analytics products.

AvroBackend ArchitectureData Streaming
0 likes · 17 min read
How Ctrip Built a Real-Time User Data Collection System with Netty and Kafka
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jul 18, 2017 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of Ctrip Real‑Time User Data Collection System

This article describes the design, technology selection, and performance evaluation of Ctrip's real‑time user behavior data collection platform, covering Netty‑based network handling, Kafka/Hermes messaging, encryption, compression, Avro backup, and related analytics products, with detailed feasibility analysis and benchmark results.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsKafka
0 likes · 17 min read
Design and Implementation of Ctrip Real‑Time User Data Collection System
Vipshop Quality Engineering
Vipshop Quality Engineering
Jul 11, 2017 · Backend Development

Why Master‑Slave Sync Delays Break Your Order Cache and How to Fix It

An order system retrieved incorrect product size data due to master‑slave database lag causing stale Redis cache, and the article explains the original flawed flow, the revised solution that writes to cache during sync, and best practices for cache updates, read‑through, and QA testing.

Backend ArchitectureCache InvalidationRead-Write Separation
0 likes · 5 min read
Why Master‑Slave Sync Delays Break Your Order Cache and How to Fix It
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Jul 5, 2017 · Backend Development

How SOA and DDD Combine to Build Robust Backend Systems

This article explores the definitions of SOA and DDD, explains DDD's layered architecture, demonstrates how business relationships become domain models, and provides concrete C# examples of repositories, services, and factories to illustrate the integration of service‑oriented architecture with domain‑driven design.

Backend ArchitectureC#DDD
0 likes · 18 min read
How SOA and DDD Combine to Build Robust Backend Systems
ITPUB
ITPUB
May 19, 2017 · Backend Development

How Message Queues Turn Slow Email Sends into Fast, Reliable Services

This article tells the story of a developer who first used a blocking email call, then switched to multithreading, and finally adopted a message queue to achieve asynchronous processing, decoupling, scalability, and reliability for user registration emails.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsJava Multithreading
0 likes · 6 min read
How Message Queues Turn Slow Email Sends into Fast, Reliable Services
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
May 18, 2017 · Backend Development

Design and Architecture of Ctrip's Real‑Time User Behavior Service

The article describes how Ctrip rebuilt its real‑time user behavior platform using a Java‑based stack (Kafka, Storm, Redis, MySQL) to achieve millisecond‑level latency, high availability, scalable performance, and robust handling of traffic spikes, failures, and data back‑pressure.

Backend ArchitectureKafkaMySQL
0 likes · 12 min read
Design and Architecture of Ctrip's Real‑Time User Behavior Service
WeChat Backend Team
WeChat Backend Team
May 7, 2017 · Backend Development

How WeChat’s MQ 2.0 Redefined Asynchronous Queues for Massive Scale

This article explains the design and improvements of WeChat's MQ 2.0 asynchronous queue, covering its cross‑machine consumption model, enhanced task scheduling, MapReduce‑style processing, stream tasks, and robust overload protection that together enable high‑performance, resilient backend services.

Backend ArchitectureMessage QueueTask Scheduling
0 likes · 13 min read
How WeChat’s MQ 2.0 Redefined Asynchronous Queues for Massive Scale
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Apr 21, 2017 · Backend Development

Mastering Producer‑Consumer and Pub/Sub with RabbitMQ: Real‑World Patterns Explained

This article explains the producer‑consumer and publish‑subscribe messaging patterns, introduces RabbitMQ’s core concepts such as exchanges, queues, routing keys, and reliability mechanisms, and demonstrates how to apply these patterns to data ingestion and event distribution scenarios with practical diagrams.

Backend ArchitectureMessage QueueMessaging Patterns
0 likes · 9 min read
Mastering Producer‑Consumer and Pub/Sub with RabbitMQ: Real‑World Patterns Explained
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Apr 21, 2017 · Backend Development

Mastering Kafka: Producer‑Consumer vs Pub/Sub Patterns for Scalable Backend Design

This article explains Kafka's core concepts and compares producer‑consumer and publish‑subscribe models, illustrating how to apply each pattern for data ingestion and event distribution in distributed backend systems, and offers practical design alternatives when Kafka’s native capabilities fall short.

Backend ArchitectureKafkaMessage Queue
0 likes · 10 min read
Mastering Kafka: Producer‑Consumer vs Pub/Sub Patterns for Scalable Backend Design
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Apr 20, 2017 · Backend Development

Evolution of Large‑Scale E‑commerce Backend Architecture: From Single Server to Distributed Systems

This article outlines how a massive e‑commerce platform like Taobao evolves its backend architecture step by step—from an all‑in‑one server through service separation, caching, load balancing, session management, database sharding, CDN acceleration, and finally distributed search—highlighting the motivations, trade‑offs, and key design considerations at each stage.

Backend ArchitectureCachingdatabase sharding
0 likes · 11 min read
Evolution of Large‑Scale E‑commerce Backend Architecture: From Single Server to Distributed Systems
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 13, 2017 · Operations

Mastering Internet Performance Engineering and Capacity Planning

This article presents a comprehensive methodology for internet performance engineering, covering non‑functional quality goals, detailed metrics for application servers, databases, caches and message queues, a practical technical review outline, and a real‑world capacity‑planning case study with both maximal and minimal resource solutions.

Backend ArchitectureNon-functional RequirementsOperations
0 likes · 24 min read
Mastering Internet Performance Engineering and Capacity Planning
High Availability Architecture
High Availability Architecture
Apr 13, 2017 · Backend Development

Designing a High‑Availability Advertising System: Architecture, Scaling, and Real‑Time Monitoring at Weibo

This article examines the architecture of Weibo's high‑availability advertising platform, covering match service design with OpenResty, index sharding, business logic optimization, dynamic auto‑scaling, and a real‑time monitoring pipeline to ensure stable, high‑performance ad delivery at massive scale.

AdvertisingBackend ArchitectureOpenResty
0 likes · 11 min read
Designing a High‑Availability Advertising System: Architecture, Scaling, and Real‑Time Monitoring at Weibo
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Apr 5, 2017 · Backend Development

Understanding Microservice Architecture: From Traditional SOA to Modern Practices

This article explains the evolution from heavyweight traditional SOA with enterprise service buses to lightweight, distributed microservice architectures, covering service design patterns, deep microservice principles, and a detailed e‑commerce inventory microservice case study, while illustrating a complete microservice system hierarchy.

Backend ArchitectureCloud NativeSOA
0 likes · 14 min read
Understanding Microservice Architecture: From Traditional SOA to Modern Practices
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 31, 2017 · Backend Development

How to Build Highly Available and Scalable Distributed Systems

This article explains the key challenges of high availability and scalability in distributed architectures and provides practical solutions for each layer—entry, business, cache, and database—using techniques such as heartbeat IPs, stateless services, consistent hashing, and sharding.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsScalability
0 likes · 18 min read
How to Build Highly Available and Scalable Distributed Systems
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Mar 31, 2017 · Backend Development

Game Server Framework Architecture Overview

This article outlines a four‑layer game server framework—including gateway, logic, record, and database services—detailing their responsibilities, implementation models such as multithreaded reactors and coroutine libraries, service‑driven designs, and the common design patterns and algorithms used in backend game development.

AlgorithmsBackend Architecturegame server
0 likes · 6 min read
Game Server Framework Architecture Overview
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Mar 30, 2017 · Backend Development

Designing a Scalable, Configurable Distributed Web Crawler

This article outlines the motivation, requirements, modular decomposition, and architecture of a distributed web crawling platform that emphasizes reusability, lightweight modules, real‑time monitoring, and easy configuration for diverse data‑collection tasks.

Backend Architectureconfigurationdistributed crawling
0 likes · 10 min read
Designing a Scalable, Configurable Distributed Web Crawler
Baidu Waimai Technology Team
Baidu Waimai Technology Team
Mar 30, 2017 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of a Unified Voucher Issuance Platform for Baidu Waimai

This article describes the design, architecture, and operational features of Baidu Waimai's unified voucher issuance platform, detailing its four‑layer backend structure, permission and strategy configurations, flow‑control mechanisms, service isolation, monitoring visualizations, and re‑entrancy safeguards to support large‑scale marketing distribution.

Backend ArchitectureFlow ControlSystem Design
0 likes · 7 min read
Design and Implementation of a Unified Voucher Issuance Platform for Baidu Waimai
Tencent Architect
Tencent Architect
Mar 30, 2017 · Backend Development

Progressive Image Streaming System Overview in WeChat C2C

The article explains how WeChat C2C’s backend uses progressive JPEG encoding combined with a streaming transmission approach and a dynamically adjustable minimal transport size to reduce image delivery latency and improve user experience under varying network conditions.

Backend Architectureimage streamingnetwork optimization
0 likes · 7 min read
Progressive Image Streaming System Overview in WeChat C2C
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Mar 26, 2017 · Backend Development

Designing Scalable High‑Concurrency Backend: Layering, Clustering, Async & Caching

This article outlines a comprehensive approach to building high‑concurrency web systems by introducing layered architecture, modular segmentation, distributed deployment, server clustering, asynchronous processing with message queues, caching strategies, service‑oriented design, and automated redundancy to achieve high availability and scalability.

Backend Architectureasynchronous processinghigh concurrency
0 likes · 12 min read
Designing Scalable High‑Concurrency Backend: Layering, Clustering, Async & Caching
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 18, 2017 · Backend Development

Inside Baidu’s First‑Generation Spider: How a C‑Only Backend Powered Fast Search

The article recounts Xu Haiyang’s hands‑on experience designing Baidu’s early Spider system, describing its pure C procedural architecture, bug‑fixing journey, PageRank processing, team‑management analogies, and his later moves into AI and education entrepreneurship.

Backend ArchitectureC ProgrammingPageRank
0 likes · 7 min read
Inside Baidu’s First‑Generation Spider: How a C‑Only Backend Powered Fast Search
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Mar 7, 2017 · Backend Development

Load Balancing Layer Design Scenarios and Solution Architectures

This article examines various business load scenarios for a logistics management system and presents four progressive load‑balancing architectures—ranging from simple Nginx/Haproxy to DNS round‑robin with LVS and Keepalived—while defining key performance terms and outlining future discussion topics.

Backend ArchitectureLVSScalability
0 likes · 12 min read
Load Balancing Layer Design Scenarios and Solution Architectures
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Feb 15, 2017 · Backend Development

Taobao’s Secret to Billions of API Calls: High‑Performance Gateway & Reliable Messaging

Taobao’s Open Platform sustains hundreds of billions of daily API calls and messages by employing a pipeline‑based high‑performance API gateway with multi‑level caching, asynchronous processing, granular traffic control, a highly reliable push‑pull messaging system, and a zero‑loss data‑sync service that dynamically balances resources during massive traffic spikes.

Backend ArchitectureMessagingapi-gateway
0 likes · 18 min read
Taobao’s Secret to Billions of API Calls: High‑Performance Gateway & Reliable Messaging
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Feb 13, 2017 · Backend Development

Why Message Queues Are Essential for Scalable Distributed Systems

Message queues act as a crucial middleware component in distributed systems, addressing coupling, asynchronous processing, traffic shaping, and high availability, with real-world scenarios such as asynchronous handling, decoupling, traffic throttling, logging, and communication, while reviewing popular solutions like ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, ZeroMQ, Kafka, and JMS.

Backend ArchitectureJMSKafka
0 likes · 20 min read
Why Message Queues Are Essential for Scalable Distributed Systems
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Feb 7, 2017 · Backend Development

Technical Overview of WeChat Red Packet Distribution System

The article analyzes the massive scale of Chinese New Year red‑packet activity on WeChat, presents usage statistics, and explains the backend architecture—including distributed KV storage, cache‑layer atomic operations, and database transaction handling—that enables high‑throughput red‑packet distribution.

Backend ArchitectureCacheDatabase
0 likes · 5 min read
Technical Overview of WeChat Red Packet Distribution System
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Feb 6, 2017 · Frontend Development

High-Performance Web Architecture: Network, Protocols, and Optimization Strategies

This article examines the critical factors influencing web performance—including network latency, TCP/HTTP protocols, browser rendering, and server-side architecture—and provides practical optimization techniques such as TCP tuning, HTTP/2 adoption, resource compression, caching, load balancing, and distributed design to achieve fast, scalable web services.

Backend ArchitectureCachingFrontend Optimization
0 likes · 33 min read
High-Performance Web Architecture: Network, Protocols, and Optimization Strategies
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jan 15, 2017 · Backend Development

Automating Service Flow Mapping for Microservice Architectures

This article explains the challenges of visualizing service relationships in microservice environments and presents a fully automated, non‑intrusive approach that captures static topology and runtime characteristics through middleware and client hijacking, source tracing, and IPO modeling to build accurate service flow graphs.

Backend Architectureautomated monitoringmiddleware hijacking
0 likes · 20 min read
Automating Service Flow Mapping for Microservice Architectures
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jan 3, 2017 · Backend Development

Why and How to Split Monolithic Applications: Practical Guidance and Database Migration Strategies

This article explains the reasons for breaking up tightly‑coupled monolithic systems, outlines preparation steps such as assessing business complexity and defining service boundaries, and provides detailed practical guidance on database sharding, migration, query refactoring, cut‑over plans, consistency, and post‑split stability.

Backend Architectureapplication splittingdatabase migration
0 likes · 17 min read
Why and How to Split Monolithic Applications: Practical Guidance and Database Migration Strategies
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Nov 30, 2016 · Backend Development

Understanding Microservices: Core Concepts, Use Cases, and Technical Choices

This article explains the fundamental ideas behind microservices, compares them with traditional SOA, discusses when to adopt microservices, outlines design principles, explores technology selections such as Spring Cloud and Docker, and addresses common challenges like service discovery, transaction handling, and operational costs.

Backend ArchitectureDockermicroservices
0 likes · 22 min read
Understanding Microservices: Core Concepts, Use Cases, and Technical Choices
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Nov 24, 2016 · Backend Development

High Concurrency Architecture and Practical Solutions for E‑commerce Applications

This article outlines the challenges of high‑traffic scenarios such as flash sales and timed red‑packet distribution, and presents a comprehensive backend architecture—including load balancing, database clustering, NoSQL caching, CDN, concurrency testing, message queues, first‑level caching, and static data strategies—to ensure smooth operation and optimal user experience.

Backend ArchitectureCachingMessage Queue
0 likes · 11 min read
High Concurrency Architecture and Practical Solutions for E‑commerce Applications
Ctrip Technology
Ctrip Technology
Nov 22, 2016 · Backend Development

Evolution and Service Decomposition of Qunar's Payment System (1.0 → 2.0)

The article outlines the five‑year evolution of Qunar's payment platform from a tightly coupled monolith (1.0) to a highly available, service‑oriented distributed architecture (2.0), detailing component breakdown, challenges, and the resulting core transaction, payment, cashier, and API layers.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed Systemsfinancial technology
0 likes · 9 min read
Evolution and Service Decomposition of Qunar's Payment System (1.0 → 2.0)
Tencent Music Tech Team
Tencent Music Tech Team
Nov 18, 2016 · Backend Development

Design and Architecture of a Live Streaming Gift System

The live‑streaming gift system is built with a producer‑consumer message queue, KV store, cache, SQL and SSD layers, employing asynchronous leaderboard updates, unique transaction IDs with redo handling, end‑to‑end encryption and replay protection to ensure high‑consistency, real‑time, secure processing of monetary gifts.

Backend ArchitectureData Consistencygift system
0 likes · 7 min read
Design and Architecture of a Live Streaming Gift System
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Nov 11, 2016 · Backend Development

High‑Availability Architecture Sessions at the China Software Developers Conference (Nov 18‑20)

The conference featured a series of high‑availability architecture talks covering performance‑driven design, RPC framework resilience, big‑data platform evolution, MySQL cluster consistency, and cloud infrastructure best practices, presented by experts from 58.com, Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, and others.

Backend ArchitectureBig DataCloud Computing
0 likes · 10 min read
High‑Availability Architecture Sessions at the China Software Developers Conference (Nov 18‑20)
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Nov 11, 2016 · Backend Development

Evolution and Service Decomposition of Qunar's Payment System

This article chronicles the five‑year evolution of Qunar's payment platform from a tightly coupled monolithic system to a high‑concurrency, highly available distributed architecture, detailing the motivations, service‑oriented splits, core components, and checkout variations that enabled support for diverse payment scenarios.

Backend ArchitectureQunarpayment system
0 likes · 9 min read
Evolution and Service Decomposition of Qunar's Payment System
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Nov 8, 2016 · Backend Development

Why Replace Distributed Transactions? A Message Queue and State‑Table Solution

The article explains the drawbacks of traditional two‑phase commit distributed transactions—reduced availability, performance, and scalability—and proposes a message‑queue‑plus‑state‑table pattern with idempotent processing to achieve eventual consistency while improving system throughput.

Backend ArchitectureMessage QueueScalability
0 likes · 7 min read
Why Replace Distributed Transactions? A Message Queue and State‑Table Solution
ITPUB
ITPUB
Oct 22, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing Scalable High‑Concurrency Architecture: Practical Strategies and Patterns

This guide explains how to design and test high‑concurrency systems by choosing appropriate server architectures, load‑balancing, database clustering, caching layers, message queues, first‑level caches, and static data strategies to ensure smooth operation under heavy user traffic.

Backend ArchitectureCachingDistributed Systems
0 likes · 12 min read
Designing Scalable High‑Concurrency Architecture: Practical Strategies and Patterns
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Oct 12, 2016 · Backend Development

How JD’s Flash‑Sale System Handles Millions of Requests with Redis‑Lua

This article explains the design of JD’s flash‑sale (抢购) system, covering its business model, core Redis‑based inventory management, Lua scripting for atomic stock deduction, rate‑limiting, asynchronous logging with JMQ, and fail‑over strategies to ensure high‑concurrency reliability.

Backend ArchitectureLua scriptingRate Limiting
0 likes · 12 min read
How JD’s Flash‑Sale System Handles Millions of Requests with Redis‑Lua
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Oct 9, 2016 · Backend Development

How to Design High-Concurrency Systems: Practical Strategies and Real-World Examples

This article explains what high concurrency is, its impact on servers and users, and provides concrete data‑handling techniques, architectural components, testing tools, and real‑world examples such as sign‑in, lottery, caching, message queues, first‑level cache, and static‑data strategies to build resilient backend systems.

Backend Architecturehigh concurrencyload balancing
0 likes · 16 min read
How to Design High-Concurrency Systems: Practical Strategies and Real-World Examples
Ctrip Technology
Ctrip Technology
Sep 23, 2016 · Backend Development

Design and Evolution of Qunar Order Center: From 1.0 to 3.0

The article details the Qunar Order Center's architecture evolution—addressing fragmented order data, introducing unified query APIs, JSON‑based storage, merge/diff services, asynchronous I/O, Elasticsearch integration, data sharding, business isolation, rate limiting, adapter layers, micro‑service decomposition, and a centralized configuration system to improve scalability, reliability, and maintainability.

Backend ArchitectureElasticsearchOrder Management
0 likes · 10 min read
Design and Evolution of Qunar Order Center: From 1.0 to 3.0
Node Underground
Node Underground
Sep 22, 2016 · Backend Development

Why Node.js Is the Ideal Choice for Building Scalable Microservices

Peter Marton, co‑founder and CTO of RisingStack, argues that Node.js excels for microservices due to its efficiency, performance, and developer happiness, citing PayPal’s reduced codebase, Netflix’s faster startup and scaling, and GoDaddy’s hardware savings after migrating from .NET.

Backend ArchitectureEfficiencyNode.js
0 likes · 2 min read
Why Node.js Is the Ideal Choice for Building Scalable Microservices
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Sep 22, 2016 · Industry Insights

How WhatsApp Scaled to 450 Million Users with Erlang: Architecture and Lessons

This article dissects WhatsApp’s high‑reliability architecture that supports 450 million users, detailing its Erlang‑based backend, hardware choices, scaling techniques, monitoring tools, and the engineering lessons learned from pushing a single server to two‑million concurrent connections.

Backend ArchitectureErlangOperations
0 likes · 19 min read
How WhatsApp Scaled to 450 Million Users with Erlang: Architecture and Lessons
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Sep 15, 2016 · Backend Development

Why Node.js and Microservices Are a Perfect Match for Scalable Back‑End Development

This article explains how breaking monolithic applications into Node.js‑based microservices improves scalability, deployment speed, and developer productivity, illustrated with real‑world case studies from PayPal, Netflix, and GoDaddy. It also highlights the efficiency of npm, the non‑blocking I/O model, and the rapid adoption by modern development teams.

Backend ArchitectureNode.jsScalability
0 likes · 6 min read
Why Node.js and Microservices Are a Perfect Match for Scalable Back‑End Development
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Sep 9, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing a High‑Concurrency, Reliable Backend Architecture for JD E‑Commerce

The article examines how JD’s e‑commerce platform tackles massive traffic spikes and high concurrency by employing modular system decomposition, distributed architecture, API‑centric services, performance tuning, and virtual elasticity to ensure stability, scalability, and a smooth user experience during major promotional events.

API ServiceBackend ArchitectureDistributed Systems
0 likes · 7 min read
Designing a High‑Concurrency, Reliable Backend Architecture for JD E‑Commerce
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Aug 24, 2016 · Backend Development

Design and Evolution of Qunar Order Center: From 1.0 to 3.0

This article presents a comprehensive technical case study of Qunar's Order Center, describing its initial architecture, the challenges faced with scaling and reliability, and the successive redesigns in versions 2.0 and 3.0 that introduced Elasticsearch, asynchronous I/O, micro‑service decomposition, rate‑limiting, and a configurable adapter layer to support massive, multi‑line order processing.

Backend ArchitectureElasticsearchJSON Diff
0 likes · 9 min read
Design and Evolution of Qunar Order Center: From 1.0 to 3.0
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Aug 17, 2016 · Backend Development

Design and Optimization of Bilibili Live Chat (GOIM) System

The article presents a detailed overview of Bilibili's GOIM live chat architecture, covering its high‑stability, high‑availability, low‑latency design, component breakdown, memory and module optimizations, network improvements, and performance testing results to achieve scalable real‑time messaging.

Backend ArchitectureGoKafka
0 likes · 13 min read
Design and Optimization of Bilibili Live Chat (GOIM) System
Meitu Technology
Meitu Technology
Jul 27, 2016 · Backend Development

Evolution of Panda TV Technical Architecture and Golang Practice Path

The talk recounts how Panda TV’s initial architecture supported rapid growth but eventually required higher performance and concurrency, prompting a migration to a Golang‑based system that refactored core services and produced a suite of utility libraries and tooling, with lessons and best‑practice insights shared.

Backend ArchitectureGolangPanda TV
0 likes · 2 min read
Evolution of Panda TV Technical Architecture and Golang Practice Path
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jul 17, 2016 · Databases

How JD Scaled Its One‑Yuan Grab Treasure System with Database Sharding and ES Aggregation

This article details JD's One‑Yuan Grab Treasure platform redesign, covering business growth drivers, database sharding estimation, hash‑plus‑range routing implementation, Elasticsearch aggregation, Canal‑based sync, historical data migration, and downgrade mechanisms to ensure high‑throughput, reliable order processing during massive sales events.

Backend ArchitectureData MigrationPerformance Scaling
0 likes · 11 min read
How JD Scaled Its One‑Yuan Grab Treasure System with Database Sharding and ES Aggregation
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jul 6, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing a Message Queue: Key Considerations and Architecture

The article explains why and when to use message queues, then walks through designing one from scratch, covering decoupling, eventual consistency, broadcast, flow control, RPC protocols, high availability, storage choices, consumer relationships, reliable delivery, transactions, performance optimizations, and push versus pull models.

AsynchronousBackend ArchitectureDistributed Systems
0 likes · 35 min read
Designing a Message Queue: Key Considerations and Architecture
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jun 19, 2016 · Backend Development

Beyond Cache+Hash: Real Strategies for Building High‑Concurrency Systems

This article demystifies the common belief that cache‑plus‑hash alone solves high‑concurrency challenges, explores essential techniques such as static resource serving, read‑write separation, advanced caching, hash‑based sharding, and especially the design trade‑offs of various Trie‑based data structures for search‑suggestion services, and offers practical optimization steps.

Backend ArchitectureHashingTrie
0 likes · 28 min read
Beyond Cache+Hash: Real Strategies for Building High‑Concurrency Systems
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jun 5, 2016 · Backend Development

Web System Load Balancing, Caching, and Scaling Strategies for High Traffic

This article explains how to design and optimize web system architecture—including load‑balancing methods, multi‑level caching, MySQL scaling, distributed deployment, and disaster‑recovery techniques—to handle traffic growth from hundreds of thousands to hundreds of millions of daily visits.

Backend ArchitectureCachingDistributed Systems
0 likes · 19 min read
Web System Load Balancing, Caching, and Scaling Strategies for High Traffic
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
May 25, 2016 · Backend Development

How Adding a Distributed Memcache Layer Cut Database Load by 30% in a Telecom CRM

A telecom CRM project introduced a horizontally scalable Memcache cache layer to store frequently accessed dictionary and customer data, reducing database queries by 30%, improving response times by 15%, and lowering expansion costs while detailing the architecture, access logic changes, high‑availability measures, and real‑world results.

Backend ArchitectureScalabilitydistributed caching
0 likes · 13 min read
How Adding a Distributed Memcache Layer Cut Database Load by 30% in a Telecom CRM
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
May 25, 2016 · Backend Development

How imgix Scales Real‑Time Image Processing with a Custom Backend Architecture

The article explains how imgix delivers real‑time image manipulation via URL parameters, outlines its evolution from Amazon EC2 to a proprietary processing center using Apple Core Graphics on Mac hardware, and details the backend services, load balancing, logging, and infrastructure that enable processing up to 100,000 images per second.

Backend ArchitecturePerformance OptimizationReal-time Delivery
0 likes · 5 min read
How imgix Scales Real‑Time Image Processing with a Custom Backend Architecture
Hulu Beijing
Hulu Beijing
May 19, 2016 · Backend Development

How Hulu Evolved Its Video Platform Across Three Generations

This article chronicles Hulu's video system evolution from a Flash‑based player to HLS/H264 multi‑platform support and finally to an MPEG‑DASH architecture, detailing technical choices, DRM challenges, workflow simplifications, and the comprehensive backend and monitoring infrastructure that enable seamless multi‑device streaming.

Backend ArchitectureDRMFlash
0 likes · 10 min read
How Hulu Evolved Its Video Platform Across Three Generations
21CTO
21CTO
May 14, 2016 · Backend Development

How We Scaled a Billion‑User System: From Monolith to Microservices

This article recounts how a rapidly growing online platform transformed a tightly coupled, fragile architecture into a scalable, high‑availability system by applying dynamic/static separation, read‑write splitting, caching, load‑balancing, intelligent monitoring, and finally migrating to a micro‑service architecture.

Backend ArchitectureCloud NativePerformance Optimization
0 likes · 11 min read
How We Scaled a Billion‑User System: From Monolith to Microservices
Big Data and Microservices
Big Data and Microservices
May 12, 2016 · Industry Insights

How 58 Daojia Built a Scalable Real‑Time Messaging Platform: Architecture Deep Dive

This article dissects the design of 58 Daojia’s universal real‑time messaging platform, detailing the challenges of end‑to‑cloud, cloud‑to‑end, and end‑to‑end communication, the shortcomings of traditional HTTP and push solutions, and the optimized TCP, message‑bus, RPC, and protocol extensions that achieve scalability, reliability, and cross‑account chat.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsMessage Queue
0 likes · 12 min read
How 58 Daojia Built a Scalable Real‑Time Messaging Platform: Architecture Deep Dive
Big Data and Microservices
Big Data and Microservices
May 11, 2016 · Backend Development

How to Build a Scalable Flash‑Sale System that Handles Massive Traffic

This article analyzes flash‑sale (抢购) business scenarios, outlines a layered architecture separating business and data layers, explains decoupling front‑end pressure, uses Redis‑based queues and caching to manage high‑frequency inventory checks, and describes multi‑party reconciliation mechanisms to ensure reliable stock consistency under extreme load.

Backend ArchitectureDatabaseRedis
0 likes · 11 min read
How to Build a Scalable Flash‑Sale System that Handles Massive Traffic
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Apr 28, 2016 · Backend Development

How Twitter Handles 3,000 Images Per Second: Architecture, Scaling, and Media Optimizations

The article explains how Twitter evolved from a text‑only service to a media‑rich platform capable of processing 3,000 images per second by decoupling upload and tweet creation, using handles instead of blobs, implementing resumable segmented uploads, applying TTL policies, and optimizing client‑side formats such as WebP and progressive JPEG.

Backend ArchitectureScalabilityTwitter
0 likes · 10 min read
How Twitter Handles 3,000 Images Per Second: Architecture, Scaling, and Media Optimizations
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 25, 2016 · Backend Development

Scalable Backend Architecture: Load Balancing, Caching, and Platform Layers

Will Larson’s insights on building scalable systems are distilled here, covering horizontal scalability, redundancy, load balancing strategies, various caching techniques, CDN usage, offline processing with message queues, Map‑Reduce for big data, and the benefits of introducing a dedicated platform layer for robust backend architecture.

Backend ArchitectureCachingMessage Queue
0 likes · 11 min read
Scalable Backend Architecture: Load Balancing, Caching, and Platform Layers
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 24, 2016 · Backend Development

Inside Sina Weibo’s Third-Gen Backend Architecture for 100M+ Users

To support over 140 million monthly active users, Sina Weibo evolved from a simple LAMP stack to a sophisticated third‑generation architecture featuring layered interfaces, service and resource tiers, custom RPC and messaging frameworks, SSD caching, and a large‑scale distributed tracing system called WatchMan.

Backend ArchitectureScalable Systemsdistributed tracing
0 likes · 11 min read
Inside Sina Weibo’s Third-Gen Backend Architecture for 100M+ Users
Architect
Architect
Apr 21, 2016 · Backend Development

Reducing Integration Cost of a Message Bus through Dependency Transfer

This article examines how to lower the overall cost of integrating a message bus into existing legacy systems by shifting dependencies from the bus to a simple HTTP endpoint, using a registry and proxy service to enable passive message delivery.

Backend ArchitectureHTTP endpointMessage Bus
0 likes · 8 min read
Reducing Integration Cost of a Message Bus through Dependency Transfer
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 19, 2016 · Backend Development

How Alibaba’s Notify and MetaQ Power Massive E‑Commerce Messaging

This article explains the design principles, architecture, and performance optimizations of Alibaba's Notify and MetaQ message middleware, illustrating how they achieve reliable asynchronous communication, high scalability, and low latency for billions of messages during peak e‑commerce events like Double 11.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsMessage Queue
0 likes · 14 min read
How Alibaba’s Notify and MetaQ Power Massive E‑Commerce Messaging
Big Data and Microservices
Big Data and Microservices
Apr 12, 2016 · Backend Development

WeChat’s Backend Journey: From Zero to Billions with Scalable Architecture

This article chronicles how WeChat’s backend evolved from a simple messaging prototype to a globally distributed, multi‑data‑center system, detailing its message model, unified sync protocol, three‑layer architecture, platformization, disaster‑recovery design, performance tuning, and emerging resource‑scheduling challenges.

Backend ArchitectureScalable Systemsdata synchronization
0 likes · 30 min read
WeChat’s Backend Journey: From Zero to Billions with Scalable Architecture
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 5, 2016 · Mobile Development

How Ctrip Scaled Its Travel App with Mobile Architecture and Backend Gateway

This article details how Ctrip transformed its travel app by consolidating product versions, redesigning the wireless backend with a Zuul‑based gateway, decoupling the app engineering into independent modules, implementing extensive performance monitoring, and adopting native plugin and hot‑fix solutions to boost stability and user experience.

Backend ArchitectureHotfixMobile Development
0 likes · 10 min read
How Ctrip Scaled Its Travel App with Mobile Architecture and Backend Gateway
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 29, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing a Scalable Notification System: Concepts, Classification, and Implementation Strategies

This article explores the design and implementation of a message/notification system, covering product analysis of existing platforms, message classification, reminder language patterns, push/pull delivery methods, subscription mechanisms, entity modeling, and core behavioral workflows for backend developers.

Backend ArchitectureNotification Systemmessage classification
0 likes · 9 min read
Designing a Scalable Notification System: Concepts, Classification, and Implementation Strategies
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Mar 28, 2016 · Backend Development

How to Keep Cache and Database Consistent: Invalidate First, Serialize Access

This article explains why cache and database can become inconsistent in distributed systems, why the "invalidate‑cache‑then‑write‑DB" rule is preferred, and presents practical serialization techniques—modifying DB and service connection pools—to guarantee per‑key sequential execution while maintaining availability and load balance.

Backend ArchitectureCacheConnection Pool
0 likes · 11 min read
How to Keep Cache and Database Consistent: Invalidate First, Serialize Access
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 24, 2016 · Backend Development

How to Build a Reliable Java Delayed Queue for Scalable Backend Systems

This article explains the design, architecture, and implementation details of a Java-based delayed queue, covering use cases, core components, message lifecycle, protocol, current topology, shortcomings, and future improvements for reliable backend processing.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsMessage Queue
0 likes · 10 min read
How to Build a Reliable Java Delayed Queue for Scalable Backend Systems
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 23, 2016 · Backend Development

How Uber Scales Its Real‑Time Dispatch System: Backend Architecture Insights

This article examines Uber's rapidly growing real‑time dispatch platform, detailing its geo‑spatial indexing, microservice architecture, fault‑tolerant design, and scaling techniques that enable millions of writes per second and high availability across thousands of nodes.

Backend ArchitectureDispatchScalability
0 likes · 18 min read
How Uber Scales Its Real‑Time Dispatch System: Backend Architecture Insights
Architect
Architect
Mar 22, 2016 · Backend Development

Youzan Search Engine Practice – Engineering Part: Architecture, Indexing, and Performance Optimization

This article describes the practical architecture of Youzan's commercial e‑commerce search engine, covering data source integration, distributed real‑time indexing with Elasticsearch, Hadoop and Kafka, advanced search modules, and several performance‑tuning techniques for large‑scale deployments.

Backend ArchitectureElasticsearchKafka
0 likes · 13 min read
Youzan Search Engine Practice – Engineering Part: Architecture, Indexing, and Performance Optimization
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Mar 22, 2016 · Backend Development

Evolution of LinkedIn’s Backend Architecture: From the Leo Monolith to a Scalable Service‑Oriented Platform

The article chronicles LinkedIn’s journey from a single‑server Leo monolith to a highly distributed, service‑oriented backend architecture, detailing the introduction of member graphs, read‑only replicas, caching layers, Kafka pipelines, Rest.li APIs, super‑blocks, and multi‑data‑center deployments to support billions of daily requests.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsKafka
0 likes · 9 min read
Evolution of LinkedIn’s Backend Architecture: From the Leo Monolith to a Scalable Service‑Oriented Platform
High Availability Architecture
High Availability Architecture
Mar 18, 2016 · Backend Development

High‑Availability Architecture of Upyun Image Processing Service

The article details Upyun's high‑availability image processing architecture, covering workload‑aware system design, custom GmServer implementation, task scheduling, current strengths and limitations, and future directions such as a ServiceServer‑based queue and Docker‑driven dynamic scaling.

Backend ArchitectureCloud ServicesDocker
0 likes · 15 min read
High‑Availability Architecture of Upyun Image Processing Service
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 12, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing Scalable Asynchronous Message Queues: Ctrip’s Hermes Architecture Deep Dive

This article examines Ctrip's Hermes asynchronous messaging system, detailing its evolution from a simple Mongo‑backed queue to a broker‑centric, partitioned architecture with lease‑based cluster management, and shares practical techniques for building high‑performance, low‑latency message queues in large‑scale distributed environments.

Backend ArchitectureDistributed SystemsHermes
0 likes · 21 min read
Designing Scalable Asynchronous Message Queues: Ctrip’s Hermes Architecture Deep Dive
Meitu Technology
Meitu Technology
Mar 11, 2016 · Backend Development

Building a High-Availability PHP Service Architecture for Meipai

The talk explains how Meipai engineered a high‑availability PHP backend—leveraging PHP’s ecosystem while overcoming performance bottlenecks—to reliably serve hundreds of millions of users, detailing the architectural decisions, scaling challenges, and key lessons learned during rapid user growth.

Backend ArchitectureMeipaiPHP
0 likes · 2 min read
Building a High-Availability PHP Service Architecture for Meipai
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Mar 8, 2016 · Backend Development

Practices for Handling High Traffic on JD.com Product Detail Pages

The article details JD.com's technical strategies for scaling product detail pages under massive traffic, covering service decomposition, KV‑based dynamic rendering with Nginx+Lua, unified service gateways, isolation, caching, monitoring, degradation, and performance testing to achieve sub‑50 ms response times.

Backend ArchitectureCachingJD.com
0 likes · 16 min read
Practices for Handling High Traffic on JD.com Product Detail Pages
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 7, 2016 · Backend Development

How Meizu Scaled Real‑Time Push to 600 K Messages/min: Architecture, Pitfalls & Solutions

This article details Meizu's real‑time push system handling 25 million online users and 50 billion daily PVs, describing its four‑layer backend architecture, challenges such as power consumption, mobile network instability, massive connections, and the monitoring and gray‑release strategies used to ensure reliability and performance.

Backend ArchitectureGray ReleaseLarge Scale Messaging
0 likes · 12 min read
How Meizu Scaled Real‑Time Push to 600 K Messages/min: Architecture, Pitfalls & Solutions
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 6, 2016 · Backend Development

How JD Scales Its Product Detail Page for Billions of Views

This article explains JD's technical practices for handling massive traffic on product detail pages, covering front‑end rendering, KV storage, Nginx + Lua dynamic templating, unified service systems, monitoring, caching strategies, service isolation, and automated degradation mechanisms.

Backend ArchitectureCachingFrontend Optimization
0 likes · 17 min read
How JD Scales Its Product Detail Page for Billions of Views