Sharing over a decade of architecture experience from Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent.
This article provides a comprehensive, step‑by‑step explanation of Kubernetes (K8s) architecture and operation, covering the control plane components, node components, data flow, and the detailed workflow from a kubectl command to a running pod, illustrated with diagrams and ASCII schematics.
This article explains how to build a highly available Nginx deployment using a master‑slave architecture combined with Keepalived, detailing the role of virtual IPs, the failover mechanism, and the step‑by‑step process that ensures 99.99% uptime.
This article explains Nginx reverse proxy fundamentals, compares forward and reverse proxy concepts, outlines a typical three‑layer architecture, and provides a complete configuration example that demonstrates upstream definition, request forwarding, and header preservation for backend services.
This guide provides a comprehensive, step‑by‑step reference of Docker CLI commands covering image management, container lifecycle, debugging, volume handling, network configuration, import/export operations, and system maintenance, complete with usage examples and key options.
This article explains practical strategies to avoid duplicate message consumption in Kafka, covering business idempotency with unique IDs, database or Redis deduplication tables, enabling producer idempotence, consumer-side checks, and Kafka's transaction-based exactly‑once semantics, along with their trade‑offs and suitable scenarios.
This guide presents practical MySQL optimization techniques—including SQL and index refinement, InnoDB and connection parameter tuning, cache layer integration, and architectural scaling with read‑write splitting and sharding—to dramatically increase query throughput and reduce latency.
This article explains how Kafka leverages sequential disk I/O, zero‑copy data transfer, OS page cache, and partition‑based parallelism to deliver massive throughput, detailing the underlying mechanisms, performance numbers, and a practical formula for estimating total system capacity.
This guide explains practical steps to eliminate Kafka backlog by enhancing consumer throughput, optimizing producer settings and message size, implementing flow‑control and back‑pressure, and tuning cluster resources and monitoring to ensure stable high‑performance streaming.
This article explains MySQL master‑slave replication, covering its purpose for high availability and read‑write separation, typical one‑master‑multiple‑slaves architecture, the binlog‑based synchronization mechanism, and the roles of the master’s dump thread and the slave’s I/O and SQL threads.
This guide explains how to maximize Nginx's concurrent handling capacity by configuring worker_processes, worker_connections, event settings, system limits, and I/O optimizations, providing concrete code snippets and kernel parameters for achieving tens of thousands of simultaneous connections.
