MCMC Demystified: Monte Carlo Basics, Metropolis-Hastings & Gibbs Sampling
Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) extends classic Monte Carlo by generating dependent samples via a Markov chain, enabling Bayesian inference through concepts like the plug‑in principle, burn‑in, asymptotic independence, and algorithms such as Metropolis‑Hastings and Gibbs sampling, while addressing convergence and effective sample size.