Understanding Linux Load Average: Calculation, Exposure, and Relation to CPU Usage
Linux load average, a key performance metric, is computed by periodically aggregating per‑CPU runnable and uninterruptible task counts into a global instantaneous load, then applying an exponential weighted moving average to produce 1‑, 5‑, and 15‑minute averages, which are exposed to user space via the /proc/loadavg pseudo‑file.