Python Script for Automatic Desktop and Folder Organization by File Type

The article introduces a Python script that helps clean up a cluttered desktop or folder by automatically sorting files into categorized subfolders based on their extensions.

First, a dictionary FILE_FORMAT is defined to map human‑readable categories (e.g., "图片", "文档", "视频") to lists of file extensions such as .jpg , .docx , .mp4 , etc.

FILE_FORMAT = {
    "图片": [".jpg", ".jpeg", ".bpm", ".png", ".gif"],
    "文档": [".doc", ".docx", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".pdf", ".txt", ".md"],
    "视频": [".mp4", "avi", "wmv"],
    "音频": [".mp3"],
    "压缩": [".rar", ".zip", ".tar", ".gz", ".7z", "bz"],
    "脚本": [".ps1", ".sh", ".bat", ".py"],
    "可执行文件": [".exe", ".msi"],
    "网页文件": [".html", ".xml", ".mhtml"],
    "快捷方式": [".lnk"]
}

Next, the script defines the target directory to be organized (e.g., orgPath = 'D:\\direct' ) and iterates over each entry using os.scandir . It skips sub‑directories, prints file names, and determines each file’s suffix.

# Define the folder to organize
orgPath = 'D:\\direct'
print(os.scandir(orgPath))
for myfile in os.scandir(orgPath):
    if myfile.is_dir():
        print('%s是文件夹' % myfile)
        continue
    print(myfile.name)

For each file, the script checks whether its lower‑cased suffix matches any extension in the predefined categories. If a match is found, it creates the corresponding category folder (if it does not already exist) and moves the file into it.

# Locate the file path
file_path = Path(orgPath + '\\' + myfile.name)
lower_file_path = file_path.suffix.lower()
for formt in FILE_FORMAT:
    if lower_file_path in FILE_FORMAT[formt]:
        directory_path = Path(orgPath + '\\' + formt)
        directory_path.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
        file_path.rename(directory_path.joinpath(myfile.name))
        print('文件整理已完成！')

To run the script, simply execute it with Python from the command line, e.g., python file_org.py , after adjusting the orgPath to point to your own directory.

The article also includes screenshots of the before‑and‑after results and promotional material for a free Python learning course, but the core instructional content focuses on the file‑organization script.