MongoDB Basics: Data Model, User Creation, Service Setup, and Backup/Restore Commands

MongoDB is a document database that stores data as JSON‑like documents; a document (Document) is analogous to a row, multiple documents form a collection (Collection), and collections belong to a database. In contrast, MySQL organizes data into databases, tables, rows, and columns.

To create an administrative user, run the Mongo shell and execute the following commands:

[root@localhost ~]$ mongo > use admin > db.createUser({ user: "admin", pwd: "123456", roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ] }) > quit()

Configure the mongod service by editing /usr/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service (example snippet shown) and then reload and restart the service:

[root@localhost ~]$ systemctl daemon-reload [root@localhost ~]$ systemctl restart mongod

The backup and restore utilities accept several parameters:

--host // specify host name --port // specify port -u // username -p // password -d // database to backup/restore -c // collection to backup/restore -o // output directory for backup

Backup examples:

mongodump --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -o /tmp/alldb/ mongodump --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -d mydb -o /tmp/mongobak/ mongodump --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -d mydb -c clo1 -o /tmp/mongobak/ mongoexport --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -d mydb -c clo1 -o /tmp/1.json

Restore examples:

mongorestore --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 /tmp/alldb/ mongorestore --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -d mydb /tmp/mongobak/ mongorestore --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -d mydb -c clo1 /tmp/mongobak/mydb/clo1.bson mongoimport --host 192.168.210.85 --port 27017 -u admin -p 123456 -d mydb -c clo1 --file /tmp/1.json

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