Fine-Grained Distributed Atmospheric Monitoring System Based on Tencent Cloud

This article introduces an experimental project initiated by Tencent for community-level micro-environment air quality monitoring. The system is entirely built on Tencent Cloud platform, utilizing IoT Development Platform, TencentOS tiny, API Gateway, Cloud Functions, Cloud Database, and Tencent Cloud Map, combined with NUCLEO LoRa development kits and Panteng PMS7003 particulate matter sensors.

System Overview: The project aims to deploy monitoring terminals in target residential areas, recording air quality data at 15-second intervals to track quality fluctuations at the micro-environment level, such as the impact of smoking and kitchen cooking on air quality.

Monitoring Results: With only 5 seed nodes deployed, the system successfully tracked the movement of a pollution plume across Shenzhen. Analysis showed that western nodes (001, 004) detected rising indicators first and also dropped first, while eastern nodes (002, 003, 005) showed delayed responses. This indicated the pollution source entered Shenzhen from the west and moved eastward.

Technical Architecture:

Terminal Module: Includes monitoring nodes (firmware using TencentOS Tiny, main control board, PMS7003 sensors) and local gateways (LoRa gateway supporting 1km-10km coverage, WiFi gateway for home environments).

Cloud Module: IoT Access Layer (Tencent Cloud IoT Development Platform for encrypted device access), Application Access Layer (API Gateway for REST services), Logic Layer (Cloud Functions for real-time data入库, timed analysis, and real-time queries), Storage Layer (Cloud Database), and Display Layer (Tencent Cloud Map for visualization).