15 Python Automation Scripts for Common Tasks

1. Automatic Folder Backup

import shutil
import datetime

def backup_files(source, destination):
    timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
    backup_folder = f"{destination}/{timestamp}"
    shutil.copytree(source, backup_folder)
    print(f"已备份至: {backup_folder}")

# 示例用法
source_folder = "/path/to/source"
destination_folder = "/path/to/destination"
backup_files(source_folder, destination_folder)

2. Send Email Reminder

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

def send_email(subject, body, to):
    msg = MIMEText(body)
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = "[email protected]"
    msg['To'] = to
    with smtplib.SMTP('smtp.example.com', 587) as server:
        server.starttls()
        server.login("[email protected]", "your_password")
        server.send_message(msg)

# 示例用法
send_email("任务提醒", "别忘了今天的会议！", "[email protected]")

3. Automatic Web Content Downloader

import requests

def download_web_content(url, filename):
    response = requests.get(url)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
            file.write(response.text)
        print(f"内容已保存至 {filename}")
    else:
        print("请求失败，状态码:", response.status_code)

# 示例用法
url = "https://news.example.com/article"
download_web_content(url, "article.txt")

4. Simple Password Manager

import json

def save_credentials(site, username, password, filename="passwords.json"):
    data = {site: {"username": username, "password": password}}
    with open(filename, 'a+') as file:
        file.seek(0)
        try:
            existing_data = json.load(file)
            existing_data.update(data)
            file.seek(0)
            json.dump(existing_data, file, indent=4)
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            json.dump(data, file, indent=4)

def retrieve_credentials(site, filename="passwords.json"):
    with open(filename, 'r') as file:
        data = json.load(file)
    return data.get(site, None)

# 示例用法
save_credentials("example.com", "user1", "pass123")
print(retrieve_credentials("example.com"))

5. Image Downloader

import os
import requests

def download_images(urls, folder="images"):
    if not os.path.exists(folder):
        os.makedirs(folder)
    for url in urls:
        response = requests.get(url)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            filename = os.path.join(folder, url.split('/')[-1])
            with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
                f.write(response.content)

6. Automated Excel Data Processing

import pandas as pd

def process_excel(file_path):
    # 读取Excel文件
    df = pd.read_excel(file_path)
    # 数据清洗示例：去除空值行
    df.dropna(inplace=True)
    # 将处理后的数据保存回Excel
    output_file_path = file_path.replace('.xlsx', '_processed.xlsx')
    df.to_excel(output_file_path, index=False)
    print(f"已处理并保存至: {output_file_path}")

# 示例用法
process_excel("/path/to/excel/file.xlsx")

7. Network Speed Test

First install the speedtest-cli library:

pip install speedtest-cli

Then use the following script:

import speedtest

def test_network_speed():
    st = speedtest.Speedtest()
    download_speed = st.download() / 10**6  # Mbps
    upload_speed = st.upload() / 10**6      # Mbps
    print(f"下载速度: {download_speed:.2f} Mbps")
    print(f"上传速度: {upload_speed:.2f} Mbps")

# 示例用法
test_network_speed()

8. Automated Social Media Post Publishing

Example for Twitter using Tweepy:

pip install tweepy

import tweepy

API_KEY = 'your_api_key'
API_SECRET_KEY = 'your_api_secret_key'
ACCESS_TOKEN = 'your_access_token'
ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET = 'your_access_token_secret'

def post_tweet(tweet_text):
    # 设置认证信息
    auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(API_KEY, API_SECRET_KEY)
    auth.set_access_token(ACCESS_TOKEN, ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET)
    # 创建API对象
    api = tweepy.API(auth)
    try:
        # 发布推文
        api.update_status(tweet_text)
        print("推文已成功发布!")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发布推文时出错: {e}")

# 示例用法
post_tweet("这是通过Python自动发布的测试推文！")

9. Scheduled Computer Shutdown (Windows)

import os
import time

def schedule_shutdown(minutes):
    seconds = minutes * 60
    time.sleep(seconds)
    os.system("shutdown -s -t 0")  # Windows command

# 示例用法
schedule_shutdown(30)  # 计划30分钟后关机

10. CPU Usage Monitoring

import psutil

def monitor_cpu_usage(interval=1):
    while True:
        cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=interval)
        print(f"当前CPU使用率: {cpu_percent}%")

# 示例用法
monitor_cpu_usage()

11. HTML Parsing and Extraction

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

def scrape_data(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
    # 提取所需数据...

12. Batch Rename Files

import os

def batch_rename_files(directory, prefix):
    for idx, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(directory)):
        ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]
        new_name = f"{prefix}_{idx+1}{ext}"
        os.rename(os.path.join(directory, filename), os.path.join(directory, new_name))
        print(f"重命名为: {new_name}")

# 示例用法
batch_rename_files("/path/to/directory", "new_filename")

13. Remove Duplicate Files

This script calculates MD5 hashes to identify and delete duplicate files.

import os
import hashlib

def calculate_md5(file_path):
    """计算给定文件的MD5哈希值"""
    hash_md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with open(file_path, "rb") as f:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(4096), b""):
            hash_md5.update(chunk)
    return hash_md5.hexdigest()

def remove_duplicate_files(directory):
    """在指定目录中查找并删除重复文件"""
    file_hashes = {}
    duplicates = []
    for root, _, files in os.walk(directory):
        for filename in files:
            file_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
            file_hash = calculate_md5(file_path)
            if file_hash not in file_hashes:
                file_hashes[file_hash] = file_path
            else:
                duplicates.append(file_path)
    # 删除重复文件
    for duplicate in duplicates:
        os.remove(duplicate)
        print(f"已删除重复文件: {duplicate}")

# 示例用法
remove_duplicate_files("/path/to/your/directory")

14. Create Audiobook (Text‑to‑Speech)

import pyttsx3

def text_to_speech(text):
    engine = pyttsx3.init()
    engine.say(text)
    engine.runAndWait()

# 示例用法
text_to_speech("这是一个测试句子。")

15. PDF Merger

from PyPDF4 import PdfFileMerger

def merge_pdfs(pdf_list, output_path):
    merger = PdfFileMerger()
    for pdf in pdf_list:
        merger.append(pdf)
    merger.write(output_path)
    merger.close()
    print(f"合并完成并保存至: {output_path}")

# 示例用法
merge_pdfs(["file1.pdf", "file2.pdf"], "merged_output.pdf")